Pan, Z.-H.; Jiao, X.-Y.; Conradt, T.; Ding, X.-M., and Wang, H.-Y., 2019. Performance evaluation of groundwater overdraft recovery units in north and coastal China based on DEA models. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 1–5. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Groundwater overdraft has affected sustainable development, especially in North and Coastal China, since the 1960s. The Chinese government instituted the Pilot Project of Groundwater Overexploitation Control (PPGOC) in Hebei Province during 2014 to 2016. This project introduced a set of hydrological, agricultural and administrative activities to recover the aquifer in the pilot area. In order to evaluate the effects of these activities on the groundwater status, a series of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) models are assembled as a model group and applied to calculate the relative performance of groundwater recovery units, i.e. the recovery efficiency in 49 counties or Decision-Making Units (DMUs). It is shown that the DEA model group can be used to evaluate the recovery efficiency, improve the performance of units not on the DEA frontier via radial and slack movement, and study the possibility of cost reduction. The result shows that 20 DMUs formed the frontier, which is the collective of the efficient DMUs, and that another 29 DMUs require efficiency improvement. The high efficiency of certain DMUs is related to the location and farmers' responses, which indicates that groundwater overdraft recovery is a technical problem that also has something to do with social and economic development and comprehensive governance. The model group can be used as a reference in the forthcoming implementation of aquifer recovery in groundwater overdraft zones in North and Coastal China.

Li, X. and Cai, Q., 2019. Analysis on green dynamic ability of creating resources and eco-innovation performance of marine industrial clusters. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 6–10. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Sustainable innovation needs resources as a guarantee, so resources are the “blood” and “lubricant” of enterprises' eco-innovation. As an important form of eco-innovation, industrial clusters' innovative behaviors need to be studied from the perspective of resources. The creation of resources requires the enterprises have the ability to create new resources, which will directly affect the quality and quantity of the enterprises' eco-innovation resources, and then affect the enterprises’ eco-innovation performance. Therefore, we define the green dynamic capacity of creation of eco-innovation resources of Marine industrial clusters firstly, and then analyze the impact of green dynamic capacity on the eco-innovation performance of Marine industrial clusters from a theoretical perspective, and finally discuss the relationship between the eco-innovation network structure, green dynamic capacity and eco-innovation performance of Marine industrial clusters from the perspective of complex social network by means of modeling and simulation.

Yang, G.-H., 2019. Marine water quality monitoring and management system model based on data mining. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 11–15. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Marine water quality monitoring is of great significance for preventing marine disasters, protecting marine environment and realizing sustainable development of marine resources. This paper studies the marine water quality monitoring and management system model based on data mining. The system adopts the MVC design idea and the B/S structure, and combines JSP technology and digital map technology to realize various functions of the system. It uses the service combination technology to organize and release marine water quality information into various Web forms, and designs a static service combination method based on Markov chain model. Through comparison and analysis of the experimental data called by the system, the effectiveness of the model has been verified. This study has realized the management of marine water quality monitoring, and can be applied for other platforms, which has certain use values, and provides a reference for the analysis of service combination performance.

Zhou, W.; Wang, J., and Zhu, X., 2019. Research on environmental assessment model of shipyard workshop based on green manufacturing. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 16–20. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The environment and resources are major issue faced by mankind in the new century. With the increase of marine resources acquisition and marine logistics trade, the shipbuilding industry has been promoted, while the pollution problem of shipyard workshops has become the focus of environmental research. For this, this paper introduces green manufacturing into the environmental quality assessment system of shipyard workshop, to further evaluate the shipyard workshop environment quality. Then, it establishes the neural network (NN) model of workshop environmental assessment model. The research results show that dust pollution, noise pollution and CO harmful gas pollution are the main pollutant sources in the shipyard workshop environment, and the test results at different time and measurement points also vary in the same production workshop. Finally, the NN model established in this paper was used to make the environmental assessment of the shipyard workshop, finding that the environmental quality of the tube processing workshop in Dalian Shipbuilding Industry Factory is assessed to be good, while that of the steel processing workshop is unqualified. This paper provides a theoretical basis for the green manufacturing of shipyards.

Qin, F.-Y.; Liu, T.-X.; Yang, F.-L., and Liu, H.-B., 2019. Simulation on aseismic behaviors of reinforced concrete corroded in marine environment. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 21–25. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the acceleration of the economic development, people has more and more demand on reinforced concrete, a kind of building materials, whose properties directly affect the security and reliability of architectural entities. However, reinforced concrete that has long been submerged in the marine environment not only has to bear various loads such as wind and rain, but also suffer from physical and chemical corrosion, which in turn worsens its durability, degrades its mechanical properties, and badly destroys practical properties of marine works. To accurately evaluate how the aseismic behavior of reinforced concrete frame structures in the marine environment is subjected to change with chemical attack, this paper adopts the ABAQUS, a finite element software, to simulate and compare aseismic behaviors of an immersed tunnel structure newly built and after withstanding 60 years of chemical corrosion in the marine environment. The findings show that chemical corrosion in the marine will greatly degrade the aseismic behavior of reinforced concrete structures, providing a theoretical basis for qualitative evaluation on the impact of chemical corrosion on aseismic property of reinforced concrete frame structures.

Liu, L.-B. and Zhang, Y.-H., 2019. Dynamics analysis of marine environmental protection information dissemination oriented to social network. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 26–29. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The dissemination of marine environmental protection information in social networks is not comprehensive and objective. In order to remedy this defect, this paper proposes a dynamic analysis method of marine environmental protection information dissemination oriented to social network. The dynamic analysis method is introduced into the social marine environmental protection information dissemination to achieve regional dissemination of marine environmental protection information. This method is more efficient and easier to operate. It can effectively spread the expanding operation of social marine environmental protection information, and the amount of marine environmental protection information dissemination on the network unit can be obtained by dynamic analysis. The experiment shows that compared with the previous algorithms, the proposed method has better performance and more prominent expansibility.

Wang, W.; Ren, Y.; Bian, W., and Jia, X., 2019. Low-carbon marine logistics network design under double uncertainty of market demand and carbon trading price. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 30–39. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper discusses the low-carbon marine logistics network design problem under the uncertainty of market demand and carbon emission price, and aims at the minimum cost of shipping logistics network operation (including carbon emission cost), and constructs a three-level marine logistics network site-distribution model based on scenario. The problem is transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem by the penalty function method, and the artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) is used to solve the model. The study found that the moderate fluctuation of demand is conducive to the integration effect of the marine logistics network, which reduces the total cost of the logistics network. Finally, the validity of the model is verified by an example analysis of a domestic industrial product manufacturer.

Xu, Z.; Ren, Y.; Zhao, P., and Zhang, Z., 2019. The factors affecting the performance of marine environmental protection enterprises. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 40–49. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of coastal economy and marine development activities, marine environmental protection issues have become increasingly prominent, leading to the development of marine environmental protection enterprises which have gradually become a hot spot of concern. However, as China's marine environmental protection enterprises are mostly still at the stage of start-up and growth, it is urgent to maximize the value creation of marine environmental protection enterprises and optimize the value through the market value management. This paper selects 46 listed environmental protection companies as research samples, studies the management performance of them through factor analysis and multiple regression, and tests the relationship between various influencing factors and market value management performance. The study found that such factors as operational capacity, innovation capability, stockholder's rights drive, investor structure professionalism, and the number of disclosed mergers and acquisitions have a significant positive impact on market value management performance of marine environmental protection enterprises, while factors like capital structure, the number of litigations and arbitrations have a significant negative impact on market value management performance, and there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between ownership concentration and market value management performance. This research has certain enlightenment significance for marine environmental protection enterprises to improve the performance of market value management.

Tu, Q. and Zhang, Q., 2019. Evaluation of seawater quality in Hangzhou Bay based on T-S fuzzy neural network. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 50–54. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the development of marine resources and human activities along the coast, seawater pollution has become a crucial topic. Monitoring and evaluation of seawater quality is an important reference for human to understand the marine ecological environment. This paper uses the T-S fuzzy neural network to evaluate the quality of seawater in Hangzhou Bay. The result shows that the water quality in Hangzhou Bay is at a poor level. This conclusion is consistent with the result of the Official Report of China Offshore Quality.

Wang, F.; Tian, Y., and Xiong, L., 2019. Climate change scenarios and implications for marine system sustainability. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 55–59. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Strengthening climate change scenario research is a prerequisite for reducing the impact of climate change on the marine system. This paper systematically reviews the evolution of climate change scenarios from three aspects: its meaning, main characteristics and application. The results show that: (1) Different climate scenarios have played an important role in previous IPCC assessment reports. Special report on emission scenario (SRES) reduce the difference of climate simulation results among different research teams. Representative concentration path (RCP) scenarios strengthen the reference role of emission scenarios for researchers and decision makers in research and response to climate change. Shared socioeconomic path (SSP) scenarios integrate climate policy and socio-economic scenarios to better meet climate change. Research group needs of response, adaptation and vulnerability; (2) Scenario generation technology has gone through three stages of historical data space-time analogy, serial development and parallel development, the improvement of which shortens the development cycle and enhances the consistency of results; (3) The difference of different scenarios is reflected in the characteristics and applications of scenarios, and links the mapping between SRS, RCP and SSP scenarios.

Dong, Y.; Zheng, Q., and Fu, L., 2019. Eco-compensation standard under river basin control: A perspective from asymmetric game. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H. and Liu, R. (eds). Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 60–66. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The research on ecological compensation has also been increasingly valued by scholars. This paper develops a new bi-level model and takes a case to test the feasibility of the model. Through the analysis of specific examples, this study found that: (1) The government will reduce enterprises' compensation and social welfare will decrease as the cost of consumption increases when consumers participate in the sewage treatment compensation; (2) Only when the sum of cost paid by consumers and the price compensation granted by the government increases, the enterprises' sewage treatment capacity will increase, so will the corporate profits. Therefore, this paper argues that it is necessary for the government to compensate the enterprises. Finally, based on the conclusions of the study, this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations.

Ma, X.; Zhao, K.C.; Li, Y.X., and Zhu, H.Y., 2019. Infrastructure and sustainable development in coastal areas in China. Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 67–72. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to study the influence of infrastructure investment to economy in the interior of China and the coastal areas, this paper uses qualitative analysis and empirical analysis to demonstrate the both the relationship between infrastructure investment and regional economic development in China and the divergence between coastal and inland areas. Compared with other regions, China's coastal zone economy is highly extroverted and open. Coastal zone plays an important role in national sustainable economic development strategy. Based on qualitative analysis, this paper firstly establishes a cooperative game model to qualitatively and horizontally analyze the differences and complementarities between central and local governments in regional infrastructure investment. Empirical analysis is adopted to discuss various kinds of infrastructure construction investment at the national level. In the conclusion, preliminary policy recommendations are put forward.

Liu, J. and Wei, F., 2019. Waste management strategy for the nuclear energy cycle: Evidence from coastal nuclear power plants. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 73–77. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The problems occurred in management of solid radioactive waste from the front-end of Uranium fuel cycle and nuclear power plant built near costal has been discussed in detail in this paper. The management strategy for the solid radioactive waste from the front-end of Uranium fuel cycle is proposed after comparatively analyzing the characteristic of solid radioactive waste from the front-end of Uranium fuel cycle, NORM waste and Uranium mining waste. The present analysis indicates that radwaste management under present practicesfor coastal nuclear power plants (NPPs) has very low local and global impacts on health and environment. Nevertheless, improvements of the various processes, which lead to the release of radioactivity outside of nuclear facilities and radwaste packages, are always desirable. The main environmental impacts are induced by the front-end of the nuclear fuel cycle. In terms of society it is important that the proven or potential impacts of radioactive waste management on environment be brought to the public's attention in a transparent manner.

Li J.L., 2019. Evaluating green city developments in coastal regions of East China. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 78–82. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the face of economic globalization and strained resources, the development of green economies is inevitable. The construction of green cities is an important aspect of green economic development and its connotations. Accelerating the construction of green cities is a growing trend. The construction of a green city is a complex integrated project and requires a comprehensive evaluation index system and a scientific evaluation model. In this study that fully implement the plan for promoting political, economic, social, cultural, and ecological progress. The analytic process and evaluation methods, including the frequency statistics method, theoretical analysis, and expert consultation, were used to construct the evaluation system and the green city multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. Taking the coastal city of Shanghai in East China as an example, this paper evaluates the degree of low-carbon green development in Shanghai, carries out empirical research, and promotes the low-carbon green development of coastal cities.

Yu, W.; Zhang, S.; Shen, H.; Yu, S., and Chen, T., 2019. Air quality evaluation of Bo Hai coastal region based on entropy weight method. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 83–86. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Air quality is an important issue for Bo Hai Coastal Region, and the government have invest much resource to control the air pollution. However, before invest any resource to improve the air quality, an effective and accurate air quality assessment method should be proposed. In viewing the limitation of the existing air quality assessment method, this paper proposed a much more comprehensive and objective method to assess the air quality by employing the entropy weight method to determine the weight of the evaluation index. Combining the fuzzy evaluation method with the gray cluster analysis method, according to the characteristics of pollutants, the membership functions of different pollutants belonging to different pollution levels are proposed. Based on it, the membership degree of each pollutant to different levels and the weighted membership degree were calculated, and the regional air quality comprehensive evaluation results are determined. Finally, the validity of the proposed method was justified by the numerical analysis.

Dong, B.; Zhu Y.-X.; Xu, Z.-Y.; Zhang, R., and Yi, G., 2019. Pollution characteristics and risk levels of the chemical toxin microcystin on coastal areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 87–90. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Microcystin (MC) is produced in large quantities during cyanobacteria blooms. This chemical toxin poses a major threat to irrigation water and the coastal environment at large. It is imperative to control the MC migration to coastal regions. In this paper, 10 MC samples were collected from coastal regions, including three typical types of the toxin, namely, MC-LR, MC-RR and MC-YR. The samples were subjected to analysis on their pollution features and health risks. The analysis shows that the MC in coastal regions mainly come from the irrigation water, in which the MC-LR and the MC-YR are respectively the maximum and minimum in content; in terms of ecological risks, the three types of MCs are ranked in descending order as MC-LR, MC-YR and MC-RR, but none of them surpasses the acceptable range of ecological risks. Meanwhile, the MCs may impair human body through oral ingestion, respiratory intake and skin contact; the MC-YR does the most harm to human health, followed by MC-LR and MC-RR; compared with adults, children are greatly affected by the MCs.

Xu, X.-Y.; Wang, W.-F.; Li, X.-S., and Chen, H., 2019. Sequence control factors and hydrocarbon accumulation pattern of Es3 in Kenxi slope zone of Bohai Bay basin. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 91–95. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Based on outcrops, rock cores, seismic, well logging, and other data, the study traces the evolutions of sequence stratigraphy, the types of sedimentary facies and sequence development control factors of Es3 in the Kenxi slope zone of Bohai Bay basin. The findings show that the stratum in this area can be divided into three third-order sequences, eleven fourth-order sequences and seven system tracts; the types of sedimentary facies include fan delta, sublacustrine fan, semi-deep lake, and deep lakes, etc.; sedimentary facies belt, lithologic trap patterns, hydrocarbon migration and preservation conditions are the core factors controlling lithologic reservoirs in this area. The exploration prospect in this area have been predicted. It is believed that there is a large exploration potential in the upper Es3 sub-member, the south of well K25-1 of the west Kenxi prominence.

Hu, Y.-W.; Li, H.-E.; Wang, W., and Li, Q.-L., 2019. Application of remote sensing in monitoring the soil moisture of the irrigation area in the lower Yellow River Coastal Area. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 96–100. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The irrigation area in the lower Yellow River Coastal Area is an important food production base. This study was designed to apply the remote sensing to monitor the soil moisture in the irrigation area in the lower Yellow River Coastal Area. People's Victory Canal Irrigation District (PVCID) was selected to research for the soil moisture monitoring. The crop soil moisture index (CSMI) was designed to be CSMI = FSM/CSSM and the remote sensing soil moisture model was constructed to be = 1 – 0:505 * TVDI. The remote sensing soil moisture model performed well in monitoring the soil moisture in PVCID. PVCID was mainly threatened by the mild drought between April and May in 2011 and 2012. In conclusion, remote sensing performed well in monitoring the soil moisture and it could be applied to guide the irrigation in the irrigation area in the lower Yellow River Coastal Area.

Dong, J.-H.; Zou, H.; Liu, H.; Li, Y., and Jiang, X.-W., 2019. The Mesozoic closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean: Constraints from zircon u–pb ages, hf and Nd isotopes of the granitic plutons in the Hoh-Xil-Songpan-Ganzi. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 101–106. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The Hoh-Xil-Songpan-Ganzi (HXSG) complex is a large triangular fold located in the eastern part of the Tibet Plateau, which recorded of the Closure of Paleo-Tethys Ocean and recorded the tectonic activities of convergence between the three blocks of the Yangtze, North China and Qiangtang during early Mesozoic. This contribution combines geological and Hf-Nd isotopic data for igneous rocks from the HXSG complex, together with the salient features to gain insights into the crustal architecture and tectonic evolution. Two period tectonic-magmatism activities of sys-collision magmatism (ca. 243-227 Ma) and post-collision magmatism (ca. 219-185 Ma) have been recognized in the HXSG complex during Early Mesozoic. The large-scale intermediate-felsic magmatism include high Ba-Sr granite, adakite granitoids, I-type and A-type granitoids, strong aluminous leucogranites. The depth of the source region is different from the mantle, the crust and mantle transition zone, the lower crust and the upper middle crust. As for the closure of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, the subduction of the Paleo-Tethys oceanic lithosphere leads to the convergence of the North China Block, the Yangtze Block and the Qiangtang Block, the HXSG complex shortened and thickened, the thickened lithosphere was delaminated, then the asthenosphere further upwelled to melting the thicken lower crust, the HXSG complex entered the intraplate extensional tectonic setting, the magmatism involved the partial melting of the lithospheric mantle and even the asthenosphere mantle.

Zhang, X.-L.; Li, Z.; Li, D., and He, Y.-K., 2019. Marine environment distinctions and change law based on eCongnition remote sensing technology. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 107–111. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The extraction of marine environment distinctions is of utmost importance to the development of marine economy and environmental conservation. Traditional extraction method has some defects such as less observation data, large time span and vulnerability to vile weather on the ocean. The eCongnition remote sensing technology features fast classification, high precision and rises superior to the bad weather of the ocean. This paper attempts to apply the eCongnition remote sensing technology to the extraction of marine environment features in order to seek out its changing laws. The findings show that the eCongnition remote sensing technology can analyze the spectral, spatial and textural identities of the ocean. By extracting the characteristics of offshore fishery resources and ocean surface wind speed information, it is found that the marine fishery has a direct bearing on the marine environment factors, i.e. the surface temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration. The optimal ocean surface temperature is 29.5°C, and the optimal chlorophyll-a concentration is 0.4 mg/m3; the greater the distance from the sea level, the higher the wind speed on the ocean surface. Experimentally, this study provides the clues to the application of eCongnition remote sensing technology in marine feature extraction.

Qu, X.-Y.; Chen, S.-R.; Yang, X.-B.; You, L., and Zhong, J., 2019. Study on hydrocarbon accumulation period in deep water areas of the South China Sea: An example from the Miocene reservoir of the Ledong-Lingshui Sag in the Qiongdongnan Basin. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 112–116. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

According to the observation of fluid inclusions under microscope and the measurement of homogenization temperature, this paper studies the accumulation period and the characteristics of fluid inclusions of the miocene reservoir of Ledong-lingshui sag in Qiongdongnan basin. The results show that the fluid inclusions are mainly distributed along the quartz fracture zone while some are at the edge of the quartz grains or cut through several clastic grains. The fluid inclusions mainly include brine inclusions, liquid hydrocarbon inclusions, hydrocarbon inclusions and liquid hydrocarbon inclusions, in which hydrocarbon inclusion is at the third stage of development, which are mostly yellow blue and white when exposed to fluorescent light. The maturity of organic matters is relatively high. The homogenization temperature of fluid inclusions is discontinuously distributed, the peak values of which are mainly concentrated in the range of 130 -150°C. According to the characteristics, occurrence and homogenization temperature of the fluid inclusions, Miocene reservoirs are mainly composed of three-phrase hydrocarbon fluid filling and first-stage CO₂ fluid filling. Among them, the second and third-stage hydrocarbon fluid filling is the main hydrocarbon generation stage, and the CO₂ fluid filling occurs in the late stage of gas charging. Considering the burial history and thermal evolution history, the accumulation period belongs to 1.9Ma-1Ma, which is the late Pliocene of Neogene of Yinggehai- Pleistocene of Quaternary of Ledong.

Ma, L., 2019. Application of building information model (BIM) in the design of marine architectural structures. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 117–120. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Aiming at the problem of low visual accuracy in the design of offshore building structures, this paper puts forward the application of BIM in the design of offshore building structures. In the process of using BIM technology, the design of unmarked marine building structures can be effectively marked by these BIM technologies. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm, a hybrid feature is used to represent the structural design of offshore buildings, so that the stereo disparity generation process can be completed quickly. The experimental results show that the proposed building information model (BIM) can effectively generate stereo parallax in virtual scenes.

Yu, H.-T.; Wang, S., and Bao, Y., 2019. Application of ant colony algorithms in path planning of ocean survey. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 121–124. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Due to the existence of multiple constraints and optimization objectives, the path planning of ocean survey is very difficult. In this paper, ant colony algorithm is applied to the path planning of ocean survey. Considering the coverage of ant colony algorithm, the path planning of ocean survey is carried out, the competitive decision of ocean boundary is made, and the initial solution is created. In the path planning of ocean survey, the local search scope is limited to the K-nearest neighborhood of the network, only the most possible spatial neighborhood is searched, and the quality of the solution is improved iteratively. The performance of the algorithm is tested by using ocean survey path planning. The experimental results show that the proposed method can solve the competitive decision-making problem of 6 400 survey paths in 15 minutes. The quality of the solution is 10.8% better than that of ArcGIS, and the computing time is about 21.2%.

Tian, J., 2019. A noise suppression method for underwater vehicle flow. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 125–128. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to ensure the compatibility and balance of low noise and small leakage of underwater vehicle flow seal, a new method of underwater vehicle flow noise suppression based on Bivariate Function Algorithms (BFA) is proposed. The algorithm combines the variable neighborhood algorithm with underwater vehicle flow noise suppression to overcome the shortcomings of traditional underwater vehicle flow noise suppression. Finally, the algorithm and VNM algorithm are used to suppress underwater vehicle flow noise. The simulation results show that the algorithm can quickly suppress the noise suppression of underwater vehicle in the working process of flow seal.

Chen, S., 2019. Computer simulation of global ocean surface infrared image. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 129–132. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the deepening of the understanding of the earth, the role of the ocean has become more and more recognized. The ocean plays a major role in the changes of the global environment. The importance of the marine environment, such as the role of the global carbon cycle and global climate change, forces people to observe and study it by various means. The strategic position of the ocean in the global economic construction is extremely important. The use of space technology to detect the ocean is particularly important and urgent in safeguarding marine rights, protecting the marine environment, developing marine resources, mitigating marine disasters and effectively implementing marine management. The global ocean surface infrared image is simulated and analyzed to provide ideas for its long-term development.

Duan, T.; Zhang, J., and Zhao, J., 2019. Information hiding algorithm of low-density 3D model for multi-fusion ocean applications. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 133–136. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The ocean model is the dynamic framework and core component of the ocean numerical prediction system. The marine model has been continuously developed since its birth in 1969. There are more than 40 ocean models, including different sea areas (ocean, offshore, nearshore, and harbor) and different marine disciplines (physical ocean, marine ecology, marine chemistry). The class analysis algorithm divides the vertices of the fused state model into energy, and obtains the vertices of different energies. Finally, the secret information of Arnold's scrambled change is quickly hidden by modifying the vertex coordinates. The secret information in the algorithm is hidden in multiple fused states and ocean 3D models, which is beneficial to the invisibility and robustness of the algorithm. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is robust against attacks against uneven compression and has high invisibility. This paper first analyses the convexity degree and Vertex coordinate modification of the ocean 3D model, and then it analyses the three-bit model algorithm for multi-fusion states in ocean applications. Finally, we provide a new 3D model information algorithm for multi-fusion ocean applications.

Tian, C.-L. and Tian, Z., 2019. Optimization research of ship power system based on big data. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 137–140. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Rough set theory has a good effect on the classification and reduction of data. After processing, the extracted data rules represent the attribute set and decision set of the information system. However, it has certain shortcomings, that is, the relationship between the rules cannot be seen from the extraction rules. The D-S evidence theory has strong probability estimation ability, and can combine the independent evidence of the data source through the synthesis rule, so as to obtain the quantitative result but the calculation amount is large, and the research work changes with the complexity of the data information. Based on rough set I>S evidence theory PS1 can comprehensively analyse massive data source information, reduce effective information, convert it into basic credibility distribution of evidence information, and then obtain decision results through evidence synthesis, and optimize the accuracy of state evaluation conclusions.

Ma, H.-L. and Zhang, L.-Y., 2019. Ocean SAR image segmentation and edge gradient feature extraction. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 141–144. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to improve the segmentation effect of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) ocean oil spill image and obtain accurate information of oil spill on ocean surface. Current image segmentation techniques are based on two properties called discontinuity and similarity based. In the segmentation based on discontinuity, image segmentation is performed based on a change in the intensity of the gray level of the image. Isolated points, edges and lines are identified primarily by methods based on discontinuities. In the similarity-based segmentation, the same points, lines and edges are identified. It contains region segmentation and merging, thresholds, and region growth.

Zhong, Z.-C. and Li, H.-Q., 2019. Analysis and simulation of morphology algorithm for fiber optic hydrophone array in marine seismic exploration. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 624-628. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 145–148. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to test the performance of fiber optic hydrophone arrays for marine seismic exploration, in the South China Sea, the same operation was performed using a 1024-element fiber optic hydrophone array and an imported 360-channel piezoelectric hydrophone marine seismic surveyor. ION (formerly I/O) developed a reusable acquisition system, Victories Ocean (VSO), to record full-wave data from the ocean floor. VSO integrates ION's proprietary technologies, including the Victories digital full wave sensor, buoy recorder and patented noise cancellation cable system. The VSO is custom designed to ensure that high-fidelity seismic full-wave fields are recorded from a low-noise environment on the ocean floor. At the heart of the VSO is Victories, a full-wave sensor. Victories capture broadband seismic data with the highest vector fidelity. The result is a high-resolution image of the reservoir (even the deep target).

Cui, Y.-N.; Dong, C., and Ren, J., 2019. Under actuated unmanned submarine path tracking method in complex environment. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 149–152. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the vigorous development of China's shipbuilding industry in recent years, the research of underactuated unmanned submarines has gradually come into people's vision. Underactuated Unmanned Submarine is driven by propeller thrust and yaw moment. The input freedom of the control system of under-actuated unmanned submarine is very small. Because of its low altitude, which control is more difficult than general underactuated mechanical systems because it belongs to a special nonholonomic system. At the same time, the working conditions of submarines are very complicated. It will be disturbed by the marine environment such as living things and water flow. These velocities increase the difficulty of motion control and tracking of underactuated unmanned submarines. With the development of society, people's demand for underactuated unmanned submarines is increasing, which is mainly used in military and marine development. So, the study of underactuated unmanned submarines has important practical significance. Firstly, this paper designs the path tracking and control algorithm based on Lyapunov theory by establishing the model. Then, the correctness of the test results is verified by simulation. The final results show that the model and algorithm can effectively realize the tracking control of submarine and improve the tracking accuracy.

Li, F., 2019. Offshore platform actuator fault optimal anti-interference self-repair fault-tolerant control. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 153–156. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

A fault-tolerant control method based on extended fault diagnostics is proposed for the actuator failure of offshore platforms under the influence of ocean waves. Firstly, a self-repairing fault-tolerant control law is designed for actuator failure. Then an optimal anti-interference self-repairing fault-tolerant controller is designed according to Riccati and Sylvester matrix equations to ensure that the offshore platform system is optimal under fault and wave interference. In order to solve the physical unrealizable problem that the system state and faults in fault-tolerant control cannot be directly measured, an extended fault diagnostic device is designed. Finally, numerical simulation results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of this scheme.

Cui, Y. and He, J.-H., 2019. Spectrometer for high precision measurement in SteadiQ extreme environment in ocean optics. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 157–160. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In ocean remote sensing, the backscattered light received by optical remote sensor carries the light information of the ocean itself. Ocean optical remote sensing is closely related to the spectral characteristics of water body. Ocean spectral characteristics are the basic research and application of ocean remote sensing. The two sensors have a small bandwidth and a bandwidth of 50 to 100 nanometres. In this paper, the spectral structure of the ocean is studied by measurements means and ocean hyperspectral characteristics. It can be found that the changes of offshore body optical parameters can be understood by the spectral characteristic components experiments with different materials in sea water.

Deng, H.; Pi, D.-C., and Zhao, Y., 2019. Ship target detection based on CFAR and deep learning SAR image. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 161–164. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ship activity has become more and more frequent with the development of maritime transportation. Therefore, the rapid and accurate positioning performance of marine vessels is becoming more and more important. Because SAR images have the characteristics of all-weather detection, the analysis of SAR images becomes a marine ship. An important method of detection, but the existing ship detection methods have the disadvantages of low precision and slow speed. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a method based on deep learning to realize the fast and accurate automatic detection of marine ships through RadarSat -2 data is simulated. The results show that the proposed method effectively describes the ship's target characteristics and the accuracy is greatly improved.

Shuai, W.-Y. and Yan, D., 2019. Technical analysis of marine GNSS precision positioning information processing. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 165–168. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Since 1994, there have been more than 20 global tide models GOT00.2 and TPXO. The accuracy is increased to a few centimetres, and the resolution is also increased to 0.125°×0.125°. The literature evaluated the accuracy of the FES95.2, FES99, and GOT00.2 models using 140 IGS stations distributed around the world and found that the three models were generally in good agreement with the GNSS estimates. LFG/OLMPP, SPOTL and CARGA are the mainstream software for calculating the precise positioning displacement of marine GNSS. When the LFG/OLMPP software is used to calculate the precise positioning displacement of marine GNSS in coastal areas, the difference between the results obtained by different ocean tide models is 20%.

Tian, T. and Chang, H.-B., 2019. Marine information sharing and publishing system: A WebGIS approach. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 169–172. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the development of computer technology, communication technology and network technology, information has become an important core of productivity and a national reserve resource. Marine information is widely used in marine management, national defense construction, and marine economic development. It is of great practical significance to build a data sharing platform that can release marine information in real time and dynamically. This article first briefly introduces the concept of WebGIS and the WebGIS software platform. Then the scheme of building a marine environment information sharing and publishing system based on WebGIS and the overall design and function of the marine information system platform are proposed. Finally, the specific design of the WebGIS-based ocean forecast information sharing platform is taken as an example.

Dong, G.-Z. and Chen, D.-Y., 2019. Quality control algorithm for marine meteorological data based on interest degree association rules. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 173–176. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to improve the quality of ocean drifting buoy observation data, a new association rule mining algorithm based on interest degree model is proposed. The association rule algorithm is used to mine the buoy observation data, and all related pairs are extracted to form a sample library. Through two sets of data experiments, when the correlation coefficient t is constant, the larger the parameter u is, the fewer the records are excavated. And at the same time, the less the abnormal records are mined, the smaller the detection rate will be. Although there has been progress, there has been no significant improvement. The signs are still far away from achieving the goal of sharing. This paper put forward a new quality control algorithm for marine meteorological data based on interest degree association rules.

Chen, J.; Wang, C.-J.; Geng, H.-J; Chen, Y.-L.; Wu, H.-F., and Li, S., 2019. An intelligent calculating method for stability parameters of container ship by loading process data. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 738-744. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 177–180. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Due to various errors in most related variables, static stability coefficient of ship cannot be obtained accurately by direct calculation, so more precise information is needed to support stability calculation for higher quality result. During loading and unloading process of container ship in port of still water, time series curve of damping roll caused by hoisting containers can provide precise constraints for static stability calculation. In this paper, data correction method based on the least square method is introduced into ship stability calculation, and a data correction algorithm specially used for static stability calculation is put forward, named ‘Rolling Curve Rule'. Data simulation and real ship validation show that Rolling Curve Rule is pretty scientific and can be popularized.

Wang, F., 2019. Applying FAHP model to access coastal road construction performance. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 181–185. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Based on the whole process management of coastal road construction projects, this thesis analyzes the performance evaluation of coastal road construction projects from economic factors, social factors and engineering elements. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is used to determine the index weights and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation method (FCE) is used to evaluate the performance of coastal road construction projects in Shandong Province, as to establish an evaluation system, which provides a useful reference for effective performance evaluation and sustainable development of coastal road construction.

Kang, L., 2019. Wave monitoring based on improved convolution neural network. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 186–190. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As human's marine activities, such as marine aquaculture, ocean shipping and coastal facilities construction, flourished world-widely, it is required to monitor the ocean wave dynamics timely and accurately. In this paper, a convolutional neural network (CNN)method was presented to assist the classification of ocean wave. Then it was compared with other traditional models in terms of accuracy and speed. Firstly, the performance of different CNN models was evaluated and the best one was improved with the idea of network in network. Then the best hyper parameters corresponding to the improved model were acquired. Finally, the performance of improved CNN model was compared with that of traditional models on a test database of 26536 image cases. The rate of correct identification in the proposed model is 96.23%, similarly to that of ResNet-152 (97.85%), and it take the least execution times. Overall, this method could be used for near-real-time wave monitoring by efficient classification of ocean wave images.

Gao, W.; Song, J., and Guo, W. 2019. PCA model and case study for coastal highway construction projects. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 191–195. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Coastal highway construction has the characteristics of large investment, high maintenance cost and long construction period. This study pay attention to the evaluation index system of coastal highway construction projects within the project cycle. Including the development of coastal highway construction industry; the study of the influencing factors of coastal highway construction evaluation; the establishment of the evaluation index system for highway construction infrastructure construction. The indicator system involves multiple aspects: output, which refers to the quantity of products available and the quality of service; the effect, which refers to the economic, social, environmental and sustainable benefits; the satisfaction of customers or project beneficiaries; The cost resources required to anticipate the goal.

Zhang, N., 2019. Architecture research and design of the IoT middleware for marine logistics. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 196–199. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Modern marine logistics is a kind of integrated logistics. The data collected and transmitted has the characteristics of a large number, a wide variety and a high degree of heterogeneity. Based on the above characteristics, this paper presents a design scheme of internet of things (IoT) middleware, focusing on the application system and communication system structure of the marine logistics IoT middleware. The configuration middleware is used to complete the routing configuration and topology adjustment of the communication system. The hierarchical and modular design scheme is combined with the adaptive fractional interval equalization method to optimize the communication network middleware and improve the signal stability. The data sensing layer, the data and equipment control layer, and the business management layer constitute the application system of the marine logistics IoT middleware, and the functions are analyzed and designed. Finally, the effective management, state monitoring and interaction of the marine logistics are realized.

Gao, L.-L.; Jiang, Z.-G and Wei C.-X., 2019. Fatigue analysis of rubber powder and fiber concrete in coastal areas. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 200–203. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Due to insufficient durability of pavement caused by environmental corrosion in coastal areas, a modified concrete material with higher durability is proposed in this paper. Through tests, fatigue failure process of C (concrete) and RPFC (rubber powder and fiber concrete) is studied by analyzing the maximum fatigue strain and fatigue residual strain based on the laws of cyclic load-strain variation of concrete with different mixing amounts of fiber and rubber powder under different stress ratios. According to the law thatεthe total strain varies with N the number of cycles of C and RPFC trabecula with different mixing amount of fiber and rubber powder under different stress levels, the maximum fatigue strain and fatigue residual strain are extracted to study their variation curves on cycle ratios. Thus, a law can be concluded that the strain amplitude varies with the cycle ratio of C and RPFC trabecula with different mixing amount of fiber and rubber powder under different stress levels, which can provide reference for the design of coastal pavement structure.

Hao, Q.; Wang, Z.-F. and Qin, L.-L., 2019. Design of Beidou satellite system in ocean logistics real-time tracking system. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 204–207. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to ensure the quality and safety of pelagic fish catches in the process of transportation, administrator needs to carry out real-time monitoring and management to the transport and quality status during this period and establish a complete management system. This paper puts forward that the real-time online monitoring of transport location, catches temperature, humidity, PH value and other physical property data can be used during the application process of Beidou System and RFID temperature tags in the cold chain logistics of ocean catches. The system consists of 3 parts, i.e. vehicle or vessel tracking, parameter monitoring and data management and analysis. The system applies the technologies such as Beidou, ZigBee and Internet as well as the Java-programming client web page structure and the traditional SSH2 as its code framework. Hence, it realizes the real-time monitoring of whole catches transportation logistics process and makes administrator timely know about the status of catches so as to ensure the product quality. This system can guarantee the quality, safety and transport efficiency of pelagic fish products and provides a support for the building of cold chain logistics system.

Huang, T. and Wang, T., 2019. Research on analyzing and processing methods of ocean sonar signals. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 208–212. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the marine environment, the use of sonar equipment is very extensive. The widespread application of sonar equipment in military and civilian fields has promoted the rapid development of sonar technology, and the sonar system is gradually developing toward multi-bases and large-scale direction. The analyzing and processing of ocean sonar signals has become an important part of sonar system design. Based on the environmental conditions of the Zhanjiang sea area in Guangdong Province, this paper designs the ocean sonar signal waveforms, analyzes the sonar signals with appropriate methods, and constructs an ocean sonar signal processing platform. The research results show that in the marine environment, multi-base sonar system can realize continuous transmitting of sonar signals and receive echoes to achieve continuous detection of targets. Continuous sonar signals have a lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) than pulse sonar signals, but continuous sonar signals have a longer time bandwidth product (TBP), which reduces the negative impact of the ocean environment. The Gold-sequence phase modulated (PM) signals have strong reliability and good concealment performance. The signals can occupy the entire bandwidth. The signal processing is not limited by the number of transmitting stations, but its signal forms are more complicated, the signal analysis is cumbersome, and the processing platform is highly demanded. The research in this paper provides a theoretical basis for ocean sonar signal analyzing and processing.

Gao, L.; Wang, S.-L.; Zhou, Y., and Li, J.-L., 2019. Vibration response analysis of coastal architectural structures based on SMA wavelet neural network constitutive model. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 213–217. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The coastal area of South China is a frequent seismic activity area. To improve the seismic performance of architectural structures in the coastal areas of South China, this paper proposed a Niche Bat Algorithm (NBA) Wavelet Neural Network (WNN) constitutive model of Shape Memory Alloy (SMA), and compared it with WNN model and BA-optimized WNN (BA-WNN). The paper applied SMA to the seismic control of truss structure, and the obtained SMA control system can more effectively reduce the interlayer displacement of the structure and alleviate the seismic response of the structure, it provided a new method for seismic resistance of coastal structures.

Dai, C.-Q.; Long, Y.-X.; Lv, Y.-L.; Hou, W.-Z., and Sui, H.-T., 2019. Water inrush mechanism and safety control in drilling and blasting construction of subsea tunnel. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 218–222. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Based on the water inrush (WI) patterns of shallow buried tunnels, this paper elaborates on the WI mode and mechanism during the drilling and blasting of subsea tunnels in consideration of the characteristics of high-water pressure and complex geology of submarine tunnels. Then, through the main analysis for the deformation law of surrounding rock caused by drilling and blasting, it establishes the relationship between subsea/tunnel vault crown settlement and WI in construction under the construction conditions of unfavourable geological body, to obtain the two main failure modes of submarine tunnel: stratum cracking and partial separation failure. Besides, according to the characteristics of stratum deformation, the deformation displacement analysis of the roof and side walls of the tunnel was conducted to establish the safety control risk early warming mechanism on the basis of the risk control relationship between the measured values, early warning values, alarm values and limit control values of the stratum deformation. Finally, based on the core safety risk factors of the planning, design and construction stages of the subsea tunnel, the corresponding safety risk control measures were formulated.

Nie, Q.; Sheng, X.; Zhang, N.; Wang, J.-J.; Shang, Y.-G., and Hu, F.-H., 2019. Construction of a nautical knowledge graph based on multiple data sources. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 223–226. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To automatically recognize the nautical chart symbol is a difficult task; the first recognize step works well by the image recognition methods based on deep neural networks, however, these symbols usually have their own domain meanings which are different from their common meanings; a feasible method to improve the task is using domain knowledge to describe the domain meanings of these symbols. This paper proposes an automatic nautical knowledge graph construction method based on multiple data sources. The data sources adopted include structured data like data in relational databases, semi-structured data like data from web pages, and unstructured data like text. The author uses different methods to extract knowledge from these three types of data sources, including the rule-based method, wrapper method and machine learning method, etc. Then the author tests the proposed method by using it to establish a knowledge graph for the nautical industry. The established knowledge graph contains about 1,500 concepts and over 250 million hyponymy relations, about 80 million entities and about 30 million relations among the entities; and the average precision of these knowledge is above 0.9. The experimental result proves that the proposed method is precise and efficient.

Gong, X., 2019. Optimization of the power generation control process of hydraulic turbine set based on the improved BFO-PSO algorithm. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 227–231. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In light of the problem that it is hard to analyze the non-linear and time-varying model in the traditional hydro-generator system identification, based on the PID control parameters, this paper proposes a hydro-turbine governing system using the improved BFO-PSO algorithm, and introduces the sliding mode variable structure into the proposed improved governing system. The research results show that: the proposed BFO-PSO model has integrated the advantages of the two algorithms and has been successfully applied in the parameter optimization of the hydraulic turbine set. This paper also studies the selection of indices for optimization of PID parameters. Considering the deficiencies in the PID parameters in previous research, this paper proposes an improved fitness evaluation method, and also puts forward the concepts of stability and instability parameter sets and applies them in the stable search strategy, which effectively improves the local search capability of the model algorithm, and guarantees the stability and accuracy of the hydro-generator model. The design of multi-control-input hydro-turbine state equations can effectively solve the steady-state errors in the simulation process and explain the generation mechanism of such errors. The simulation results show that the optimization result of this algorithm significantly shortens the ITAE transition rising time of the hydro-turbine set and that the target population has been moving towards the global optimal solution, thus increasing the searching ability of the algorithm. The curve fluctuates slightly and reaches the steady state in a very short time.

Hou, F.-J.; Han, X.-M.; Li, S.-C., and Li, W.-J., 2019. Optimization research of construction methods and parameters of large-span city coastal tunnel in horizontal layered rockmass. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 232–236. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

A city coastal tunnel was a four-lane road tunnel. Maximum excavation width of tunnel reached to 19.51 m in Class IV surrounding rock. The surrounding rock of tunnel was medium-thick horizontal layered limestone. To obtain the mechanical parameters of transverse isotropic material, some tests, including rock mechanics test, on-site structural characteristics survey of rockmass, bearing plate test and numerical back analysis, field test of shear strength, were conducted. Then numerical simulation were adopted to study the reasonable excavation method and parameters of tunnel in Class IV surrounding rock. To verify effectiveness of the conclusion, stress of shotcrete and steel frame of primary support of tunnel were monitored on site. Research showed that normal elasticity modulus of rockmass was obviously less than transverse elasticity modulus, and it have remarkable transverse isotropy. Settlement of vault was the main deformation in horizontal layered surrounding rock. The failure characteristic of layered rockmass were rock-falling in spandrel and delaminating collapse of vault. Bench method could be employed in Class IV surrounding rock to speed up the construction progress. Stress test results of shotcrete and steel frame of support structure indicated the tunnel was safe under the optimized excavation method and parameters.

Cai, Y.-Y., Zhang, Z.-P., Yan, J.-S., Gong, W., and Zhao, Q.-M., 2019. Sea area grading methodology for coastal county-level administrative division in China: A case study. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 237–242. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Sea area grading of coastal county-level administrative division and sea area benchmark price formulation is a sea area use management work with Chinese characteristics. Sea area grading is the basis for formulating sea area benchmark price, and its essence is to perform suitability spatial differentiation evaluation for different sea uses. This study technical framework, and conducts an empirical research on the sea area grading for sea reclamation and structures in Zhuanghe City, Liaoning Province. The sea area grading range for sea reclamation and structures includes the marine functional zones except for the “marine protected areas”, “special utilization zones” and “reserved zones”. Six hundred sixty-three (663) 1 km×1 km sized grids are divided as the sea area grading units by the dynamic grid-based method. A sea area grading indicator system for sea reclamation and structures is established from three aspects: Sea area natural conditions, constraints of marine ecological spaces and sea area location conditions, The scores of the sea area grading units are calculated by the ArcGIS 10.2 software, and the sea area is divided into five grades. The final scheme is consistent with the sea area conditions in Zhuanghe City. About a half of the sea reclamation and non-permeable structures in Zhuanghe City are distributed in the grade 2 sea area, and the sea area benchmark price corresponding to the sea area grade will realize the value of the sea area resource assets to a greater extent.

Qian, Y.-M.; Lin, C.; Yin, X.-S., and Wang, R.-Z., 2019. Experimental study on effecting of water content of fine-silt soil for uplift failure mechanism of CEP pile applied for oceanographic engineering. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 243–248. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The concrete expanded-plate pile (The CEP pile) is a kind of pile suit to oceanographic engineering because of the highest bearing capacity for uplift and overturning resistance, this paper aims to study the stress state of CEP pile in fine silt soil. To this end, with the water content of fine silt soil as one single variable, the small-model soil embedded test of half-section pile was conducted to observe the failure state of the surrounding soil under the vertical tension, and then to confirm the calculation method of single-pile ultimate uplift bearing capacity. By comparing the test model with finite element model, this paper also discusses both calculation modes of punch failure and sliding failure, explores the calculation method of CEP single-pile ultimate bearing capacity under constraints or no constraints on the surface of soil sampling device, and further makes modifications to the related formula of ultimate bearing capacity.

Ye, X.-H., Wang, J.-F., and Shi, W.-D., 2019. Liquid-solid two-phase purification performance of ship electrostatic oil purifier. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 249–254. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper aims to disclose the oil purification features of electrostatic oil purifier through micro-scale numerical simulation of the liquid-solid two-phase flow. For this purpose, the scalar potential field, Huilin-Gidaspow liquid-solid drag force and particle electrophoresis force model were integrated into the Euler-Euler model. Then, the integrated model was applied to numerically simulate the performance of electrostatic oil purifier. The simulation reveals that the solid phase removal effect of the filter element directly bears on the solid phase content in the electrostatic oil purifier; particle movement in the purifier can be intensified by increasing the electric field strength, particle diameter or solid phase volume fraction, while the rise of flow rate suppresses the removal of the solid phase; the dimensionless criteria equation, which is obtained through the dimensionless analysis of relevant quantities based on the Buckingham p theorem, can accurately depict the oil purification rate.

Hou, F.-J.; Li, S.-C.; Li, W.-J.; Li, X.-Z., and Han, X.-M.; 2019. Mechanical analysis of large-span tunnel construction in urban seaside. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 255–259. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

A tunnel in urban seaside is designed as a two-way eight-lane with a span of nearly 20 meters. The stratum is a horizontal layered rock mass and a three-level surrounding rock. In order to achieve rapid construction of large-span tunnels, combined with engineering background, horizontal layered rocks. The constitutive calculation model of the body is optimized and analyzed, and the whole time and space analysis of the tunnel construction process is carried out. The results show that for the layered rock mass stratum, the tunnel surrounding rock stress field is also the displacement field and the plastic zone distribution, and the transversely isotropic medium model is adopted. The root can fully reflect the engineering characteristics of the horizontal layered rock mass; The deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock after excavation shows that the horizontal layered rock mass is beneficial to the stability of the tunnel arch and the cavern; The settlement of the surrounding rock dome of the horizontal layered rock mass tunnel .The convergence deformation (6.0 mm) accounts for about 50% of the final deformation. The horizontal layered surrounding rock should actively control the deformation of the front of the face to enhance the stability of the cavity.

Li X.-Z.; Zhu, Y.-Q., and Zhao, J., 2019. Seepage analysis and optimization of engineering method for municipal underwater tunnel construction in urban coastal stratum. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 260–263. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

A municipal tunnel is a double-deck tunnel shared by traffic and municipal corridors. It is an underwater tunnel in the coastal stratum. Water seepage must be considered during the tunnel construction process. By establishing a three-dimensional geo-mechanical calculation model and considering the seepage, the construction process of the two construction methods, the step method and the CRD method, is analyzed. The CRD method is better in controlling tunnel deformation, tunnel seepage and pore water pressure distribution.

Liu, X.; Hu, Y., and Xiao, C.-S., 2019. A new robust and fast iterative closest point algorithm for 3D Ship Hull Plate Bending Machines. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 264–268. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The registration accuracy has a direct impact on the processing accuracy of sheet metal in 3D Ship Hull Plate Bending Machines. This study introduces a new distance measure, Root-Mean-Squared iterative closest point (RMS-ICP) algorithm to significantly improve the robustness of the algorithm, and reduce the influence of outliers. At the same time, the 3D point sets registration algorithm is optimized. In addition, the RMS-ICP has been optimized in robustness, registration accuracy and convergence speed in comparison with the original ICP and other improved ICP algorithms. The experiment results support that the performance of the RMS-ICP algorithm is better than other methods. Overall, the RMS-ICP algorithm is very effective in dealing with the point sets registration problem in 3D Ship Hull Plate Bending Machine.

Mi, D.-C.; Luo, J.-H.; Liu, X.-L.; Xu, L.-W., and Chen, D.-Q., 2019. Origin distribution and geotechnical characters of marine soft clay in Guangxi coastal highway. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 269–274. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

To further study the origin and distribution characters of marine soft clay, the geotechnical characters are explored. First, basic definition of marine soft clay is interpreted by specifications of China and foreign countries. Marine soft clay derives from the north, south, and the central China as divided based on the sedimentary environment and distributive scope. There is also a regional division for marine soft clay in Guangxi, situated in the south China. Subsequently, the mechanical parameters of marine clay in the coastal area and in Guangxi are also analyzed, and the characters of marine soft clay in Guangxi are revealed based on the indoor soil test in the local. These survey results show that: (1) Guangxi's marine soft clay can be developed in three areas: Fangcheng port, Beihai and Qinzhou; (2) In China's coastal areas, the properties of marine soft clay from the north to the south get worse, forming the law of “strength in the north and weakness in the south”. The northernmost Qinzhou in Guangxi develops the worst marine soft clay, while in Guangxi Fangcheng port, the marine soft clay is the best; (3) In Qinzhou district, Guangxi, the structural yield stress of the marine soft clay is about 81 kPa, and the critical creep stress is 60∼70 kPa, demonstrating structural and rheological properties of marine soft clay in Guangxi.

Zhang, X.-T.; Chen, X.-J.; Wang, Q.; Li, P., and Zhou, H.-M., 2019. Numerical simulation of buffeting response of cable-stayed truss bridge with unconventional load in port. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 275–279. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Wind and waves seriously threaten the safety of structures in coastal ports. In this paper, the long-span cable-stayed truss structure in port for ore transportation along the coast is taken as the analysis object, with the static three-point force coefficient which obtained based on numerical wind tunnel simulation, the buffeting response of structure induced by turbulent wind load is studied by time-domain analysis method. The results show that the amplitude of buffeting response induced by turbulent wind load is larger than that of static wind load and it is also found that the increase of the main girder retaining wall and the operation load have great influence on the buffeting response of the structure. The research results can provide a strong theoretical basis for the design of the project and similar projects.

Ren, J.-G.; Wu, Q.-Q.; Wang, D.-S.; Gong, K.; Gao, P.-C., and Wu, Q., 2019. Study on dynamic monitoring and numerical simulation of seawater intrusion test. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 280–284. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid economic development of the coastal area and the intensification of groundwater exploitation, the phenomenon of seawater intrusion has become more and more serious, which has seriously hindered the sustainable development of coastal cities. In order to monitor the dynamic process of seawater intrusion, this paper simulates the process of seawater intrusion by means of medium scale test sand tank, and probes into the variation law of conductivity and Cl^- concentration at the interface of sea and fresh water during the process of seawater intrusion.

Li, L.-B.; Zhang, J.-H., and Zhong, D.-W., 2019. Study on blasting vibration control technology in coastal oil depot area. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 285–290. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

According to the actual engineering, the combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and on-site blasting vibration velocity measurement is used to discuss the blasting vibration law of the Coastal oil depot in different working conditions. The results show that the damping grooves have obvious effects on reducing blasting vibration. Under the same constant excavation area and depth, the best damping effect is obtained when damping grooves are set close to the blasting source. In addition, the damping effect of the two rows of damping grooves is better than the single row of damping grooves, and within a certain range, the damping effect rises with the increase in the gap between the two rows of damping grooves.

Jiang, H.-D.; Zhong, R.-C., and Peng, Z.-B., 2019. Study on preparation of chemical grouting and its hydraulic properties and application for water seepage safety. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 291–295. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to study the performance of the new grouting material of silty clay, the material selection and ratio of coastal mud cement slurry were studied by laboratory test and in situ test, and the diffusion mechanism of coastal mud cement slurry was analyzed, and the water pressure test was carried out. Borehole stone body and filling rate to evaluate its performance. The results showed that the maximum per unit permeability of the whole hole was 1.39 Lu. the secondary maximum permeability of all the holes was 2.46 Lu. all of them meet the design requirements (less than 5Lu), and the stone body was in the state of full filling and half filling. Total filling accounts for 68.75%, half filling accounts for 31.25%, diffusion radius was 5-10 m, slurry diffusion filling has better plugging effect, water plugging rate is 95.66%, the water plugging rate after grouting can meet the requirement of 85% or more in mine.

Lu, X.-M. and Wu, Q., 2019. Coverage hole patching of hybrid wireless sensor network in marine environment. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 296–300. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

During the pollutant leakage detection process in the marine environment, since the detection area cannot be determined in advance, applying random distributed homogeneous static wireless sensor nodes for the detection would generate coverage holes. The traditional coverage hole patching method uses the homogeneous mobile sensor nodes to randomly cover the hole area, the coverage rate is low, and it's a huge waste of resources, and in practical applications, all sensor nodes are heterogeneous. In response to this problem, this paper proposed a hole patching algorithm with a priority mechanism. The algorithm used the size of the holes of the heterogeneous hybrid network to determine the patching priority and to perform hole patching, and increased the coverage rate, it is conductive to the coverage hole patching of wireless sensor network (WSN) in the marine environment.

Jin, Q.; Hu, J.; Liu, H.-L.; Song, S.-G.; Liu, J.-P., and Cui, L.-Y., 2019. Peak shear strength of jointed rock mass in subsea tunnel. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 301–305. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Jointed surrounding rock mass environment is often formed under seafloor sedimentary conditions. Since the mechanical properties of joints are important to control the stability of rock masses, the peak shear strength for the joints has always been the focus of relevant research. In this paper, artificially prepared jointed rock masses with different joint surface characteristic were used to perform multiple shear tests to obtain corresponding shear strength data. The research results showed that there were obvious relations between the shear strength of the joint surface morphology. With the increase of shear times, the maximum undulating angle and the roughness of the joint contour decreased and the shear strength decreased correspondingly.

Gao, X.-C.; Ba, X.-Z.; Cui, E.-Y.; Wang, J.; Zhang, T.-T.; Sun, S.-Q., and Hou, W., 2019. Development status of digital detection technology for unfavorable geological structure of submarine tunnel. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 306–310. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The detection of unfavorable geological structures in tunnels is a major theoretical and technical problem in the tunnel construction process. There are many kinds of geological disaster sources for submarine tunnels, and there is currently no effective technology and method to detect them. This paper summarizes the, status of research on disaster source prevention and control based on the advanced geological prediction for submarine tunnels and laser-point cloud imaging technology from two aspects - the exposed structural plane and the internal rock mass structure. In the investigation on submarine tunnel structural planes, digital compass contact measurement, close-range photogrammetry and laser scanning have become important means to support the development of geological surveys on submarine tunnel structural planes, and a three-dimensional rock mass structure information integration analysis method has also been initially formed based on structural plane network simulation. In the detection and control of submarine tunnel structures, an effective submarine tunnel disaster source detection and control system has been formed. Combined with the research work of the team, this paper systematically expounds the development status of the digital detection technology for unfavorable geological structures in the existing tunnels, and the research results can provide some references for the research in this field.

Hou, F.-J.; Xie, X.-K.; Shi, S.-S.; Song, S.-G.; Bu, L.; Li, L-P., and Zhou, Z.-Q., 2019. Dynamic optimization classification model for submarine tunnel surrounding rocks and its application in engineering. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 311–315. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to make the classification of tunnel surrounding rocks more reasonable and accurate, a multi-index matter-element extension evaluation model was proposed for the advanced optimization classification of submarine tunnel surrounding rocks based on the extension evaluation method. Firstly, the rock mass integrity index Kv, Young's modulus E, the longitudinal wave velocity Vp, Poisson's ratio l, and groundwater W were selected as the evaluation indices. Secondly, the TSP detection technology was employed to collect quantitative indices. The main influencing factors, which were non-dimensional, were used to set up the matter-elements in order to make the evaluation indices comparable. Lastly, the matter-element extension evaluation model was applied to a submarine tunnel construction project in China and the evaluation results were compared against the excavation conditions on site.

Zhao, Y.-N. and Zhao, H., 2019. Research on the management model of marine economic information resources in the big data era based on cloud computing. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 316–320. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Marine economic information resources are the basis for the planning, management, protection and rational utilization of marine resources, as well as the important support for economic development and marine development in coastal areas. It has become a very necessary task and a hot topic in academic research as how to carry out “big data” management of marine economic information resources and analyze and deal with “big data” efficiently and accurately through appropriate cloud resource scheduling strategies. Based on the analysis of the cloud computing resource scheduling system, this paper designs a dynamic scheduling framework for adaptive optimization of cloud computing resources by using the cloud computing and cloud service technology, and gives a specific structure and form of the framework system for marine information resources. The cloud management architecture has initially realized the digital cloud management of marine economic information resources, achieved the sharing of marine information resources and service resources, and made the selection and calling process of cloud resource scheduling methods more reasonable.

Zhang, X.-G.; Zhu, J.-X.; Zeng, Y.; Jiang, P.; Yi, N.-P.; Yan, L.-E., and Li, Y.-J., 2019. Numerical analysis for liquefaction deformation of low embankment on soft foundation based on water level changes in coastal highway. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 321–326. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper mainly studies the water level change of coastal soft foundation by taking the soft foundation in the liquefaction zone of the Xiniujiao-Dafengjiang section of the coastal first-class highway in Guangxi, China as the research object. To this end, by arranging the saturated silt soft foundation of 6 1.5m inverted trapezoidal gravel wall low embankment structure in the vertical direction, the numerical simulation method was adopted to simulate its liquefaction deformation of the soft foundation problem under the traffic load in the working condition I (constant annual water level) and working condition II (temporary water level rise), and also judge its liquefaction potential, the development and dissipation of the pore water pressure, and the excess pore pressure ratio. Finally, the results show that under different water levels, the gravel-paving on embankment can effectively improve the liquefaction-resistant ability of the soft foundation and improve the uneven settlement of the original compacted fill embankment.

Song, W.; Xu, M.-M., and Dolma, Y.-C., 2019. Design and implementation of beach sports big data analysis system based on computer technology. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 327–331. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Applying computer technology and data mining technology in sports field plays an important role in improving the training effect and competition level of athletes. This paper focuses on the design and implementation of the beach volleyball big data analysis system based on computer technology. Using computer as the data collection and analysis platform, it adopts the sorting prediction algorithm and the Markov-based data mining algorithm to predict the cooperation success rate in the beach volleyball match and to search for key action transfer processes. The paper designs and implements a beach volleyball big data analysis system based on computer technology, and experimental results have verified the effectiveness of the data mining algorithm in beach volleyball matches. This study provides a scientific basis for coaches to formulate reasonable beach volleyball training programs and tactical decisions, which is of certain practical significance.

Sun, M.; Zhang, C.-Y., and Xie, C.-Y., 2019. Structural characteristics analysis and optimization of large hydraulic press water control system for marine engineering. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 332–336. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the development of science and technology and the construction of offshore oil platforms, the optimization of water control systems for large hydraulic press has become an inevitable trend in marine engineering research. Combining with related theories of mechanical engineering and marine engineering, and numerical analysis method, this paper adopted the finite element analysis software ABAQUS to establish numerical models for the water inlet and outlet valves of the hydraulic press, it simulated and analyzed the flow field state of the valve port under different fluid pressures and spool displacements, thereby studying the structural characteristics and optimization of the hydraulic press water control system. The results showed that when the fluid past through the inlet valve, local low-pressure zones appeared at the inlet valve port, and the low-pressure zones inside the inlet valve port increased with the increase of the spool displacement; the fluid pressure had a certain degree influence on the flow performance of the inlet valve, under the same spool displacement, the fluid flow increased with the displacement of the inlet valve spool; the speed increase of fluid flow past through the outlet valve gradually increased with the increase of the displacement of the outlet valve spool, the fluid pressure of the outlet valve increased first and then decreased as the displacement of the spool increased. This study provided technical support for the application of hydraulic press in marine engineering and laid a theoretical foundation for the structural optimization of hydraulic press.

Wu, H.-T. and Gu, X.-P., 2019. Study on hydrodynamic performance model of offshore wind turbine system based on time-domain coupling analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 337–341. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The development of wind energy alleviates the issue of energy shortage at present, but the development technology of offshore wind energy is not mature, so the research on the performance of offshore wind turbine system is the key to develop clean wind energy. Based on the theory of time-domain coupling analysis, this paper studies the hydrodynamic performance of offshore wind turbine under environmental load, and probes into the hydrodynamic performance of offshore wind turbine system. It is found that the offshore wind turbine will stop operation when the wind speed is greater than 28m/s, and the calculation results show that the offshore wind turbine in this study meets the requirements of the specification for the stability of large inclination angle. The environmental load determines the initial offset of the offshore wind turbine system, in which the mean wave drift force is much smaller than the offshore wind force. With the increase of wind speed, the wind turbine system can automatically adjust the pitch of the blades. When the wind speed exceeds the limit wind speed, the wind turbine stops working. When operating at rated power, wind turbine occurs under the action of wind force will have an offset, which is large. The offset of wind force and wind turbine decreases with the increase of wind speed. This study provides a theoretical basis for the application of offshore wind energy development system.

Cui, J.-C. and Ma, L.-J., 2019. Fault diagnosis feature extraction of marine rolling bearing based on MEMD and pe. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 342–346. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Aiming at the modal aliasing problem of EMD method, an improved MEMD algorithm is proposed, which can greatly improve the signal-to-noise ratio of reconstructed signal and improve the modal aliasing problem. Through simulation signal analysis, the performance of MEMD method with added and subtracted noise is found. Compared with the meme and noise-added MEMD and pe methods, the optimal range of the added noise and the variance of the signal to be decomposed and the optimal number of concentrated averages are found. The signal-to-noise ratio of the reconstructed signal is continuously increased until the maximum value is applied to the gear and bearing. The analysis of the measured vibration signal of the fault shows the effectiveness of the method. The frequency of the fault feature can be clearly found from the instantaneous energy density spectrum.

Mu, Z.; Mu, H.; Zhang, H.G., and Li, Z.-P., 2019. Reliability analysis and numerical simulation of reinforced concrete structure in port engineering. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 347–351. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In addition to the normal loss and damage during the service period, the port engineering facilities are also affected by harsh environments such as water erosion, wave erosion, atmospheric corrosion and freezing and thawing. Therefore, it is very important to analyze the reliability of reinforced concrete structures. The reliability analysis of reinforced concrete members is actually based on the fact that the statistical characteristics of the existing loads and structural resistance are known, and the reliability index value of the members is determined through specific calculations to understand the failure probability. Taking the reinforced concrete frame column as an example, the finite element model is established by the simulation software to simulate and analyze the compression of the port structure under the action of ship impact force, ship system force, doorsill machine load, self-weight load and water flow force, the reliability of shear and bending capacity, the analysis results provide the basis for engineering construction and followup research.

Zhu, H.-L., 2019. Effect of heat input on weld structure and mechanical properties of marine engineering steel. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 352–356. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This study studied the influence of submerged arc welding heat input on the microstructure and mechanical properties of E36 welds for marine engineering, and determined the influence of different welding heat input conditions on the microstructure and properties of welds. The results show that with the increase of welding heat input, the martensite content in the weld microstructure is reduced; the nucleation rate of the carbide-free bainite is also reduced, resulting in the carbide-free bainite roughening. And when the bainite phase change, the increase of heat input makes the diffusion distance of carbon atoms farther, which promotes the transformation of retained austenite shape from film to block. In addition, as the heat input increases, the weld metal strength decreases, and the impact toughness is not sensitive to heat input.

Zhou, W., 2019. Simulation of hydraulic system faults for marine machinery based on AMESim. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 357–361. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of marine ship manufacturing, engineering machinery has become more complex, continuous and automated. It has become the focus of current research to effectively detect the hydraulic system of marine machinery using the modern scientific methods. For this, the Advanced Modelling Environment for Simulation of Engineering Systems (AMESim) was adopted in this study. By fully explaining the model of the basic hydraulic components and the parameter selection of the overall modelling for the marine machinery hydraulic system, this paper achieves the simulation design of the marine machinery hydraulic system based on the AMESim integrated platform. The comparison between the AMESim-based simulation results and the mathematical model verifies the rationality of the AMESim-based simulation for the marine machinery hydraulic system; meanwhile, compared with the simulation results based on MATLAB, the AMESim-based simulation shows good superiority, which is of great guiding significance for shipbuilding projects.

Qian, Y.-M.; Liu, H.-B.; Yin, X.-S., and Jin, Y.-J., 2019. Computer analysis of influence of moisture content of the fine-silty sand for the CEP pile applied for oceanographic engineering under vertical tensile. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 362–366. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In oceanographic engineering, it is the most important factor of the bearing capacity of pile, which is the function of the CEP pile. This paper takes the concrete expanded-plates pile (CEP pile) as the research object, and conducts theoretical analysis on the influence of the moisture content of fine-salty sand towards its uplift bearing capacity and the failure state of the soil around the pile. By conducting simulation using the ANSYS finite element software, this paper analyzes the displacement, stress, strain of the CEP pile and other results under different moisture contents, so as to determine the optimal moisture content for setting bearing plates in the fine-silty sand, and to provide reliable theoretical basis for the reasonable design and application of the CEP pile.

Li, C.; Zhao S.-Y.; Zhou H.-Q., Liu C., and Zhang, Y.-T., 2019. A review of research progress of vegetation concrete on coastal highway slope. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 367–371. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As a main road connecting the city and a landscape road, the coastal road is particularly important to the greening of the exposed slope in order to avoid the formation of a large number of exposed rock slopes in the construction process and affect the landscape. In view of the difficulty in greening the rock slope, the development of new materials such as vegetation concrete (VC) can effectively control the greening problem of rock slope. For this, this paper briefly introduces the development process of slope greening, discusses the research progress of VC from the aspects of substrate ratio, mechanical property, root-soil combination effect and fertility level, and then studies the problems existing on the current research. Finally, it proposes several prospects for the greening construction of rock slope.

Li, L.-H., 2019. Numerical simulation of seismic performance of coastal corroded reinforced concrete column strengthened by carbon fiber cloth. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 372–376. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This test focuses on the corroded reinforced concrete column, and uses carbon fiber cloth to strengthen it. Through simulation tests, it analyzes the seismic performance of the strengthened corroded reinforced concrete column. By comparing the calculation results with the test results, it can be concluded that, using different carbon fiber cloth to wrap the corroded reinforced concrete column can improve its ductility to different extents. With the increase of the amount of carbon fiber cloth, the corroded column is improved more obviously.

Huang, X.-L.; Dai, X.-M.; Luo, Y.-Z., and Wang, Y.-W., 2019. Design of container terminal handling system based on index forecast and economic evaluation. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 377–384. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The construction of a container terminal is a large and long-period investment, and its planning and design involve many factors such as technology, economy and social environment. At the same time, the handling system of a container terminal is a complex discrete dynamic system. Therefore, the design of a container terminal is a complex process requiring repeated modification from proposing alternative schemes to evaluating and optimizing schemes. Modelling and simulation technology can realize the evaluation of various schemes and the determination of the optimal scheme without real operation. Therefore, in order to design the handling system of a container terminal systematically and scientifically to reduce cost and risk, this paper first proposes a comprehensive forecast model to forecast the throughput of a container terminal, and puts forward two handling technology schemes. And then, configuration model of key machinery resources is constructed, and detailed schemes are obtained through simulation experiments with the actual data of container terminal A. Finally, economic evaluation is carried out to examine the financial feasibility and economic rationality of the schemes.

Duan, H.-W.; Ma, C.-S., and Ding, X.-D., 2019. Profit calculation and allocation for rail-sea intermodal transportation alliance in port. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 385–391. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to promote the alliance of railway and marine transport enterprises in port and ensure the alliance stability, the alliance profit calculation model and allocation scheme is studied. Firstly, the essence of the alliance is analyzed. Secondly, the pricing game models of different alliance structures are established and solved to get the alliance profit. Thirdly, the alliance profit is allocated by Myerson value method. Then the allocation scheme is adjusted considering the difference of the resources invested by the alliance members. Finally, numerical example is contructed to verify the validity of the profit calculation model and allocation scheme. Following conclusions are drawn. The more enterprises to participate in the alliance, the more favorable to the customer and the port. Alliance profit is related to the number of enterprises participating in the alliance, but is not related to the nature of the participation. The smaller transportation cost, the greater the alliance profit. It is feasible to allocate the alliance profit in an effective and fair manner based on Myerson value method, but adjustments are necessary to express the influence exerted by resource inputs.

Zheng, D.; Yang, W., and Wang, D., 2019. E-commerce, collaborative innovation capability and performance: An empirical study of shipping companies. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 392–397. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the rapid development of e-commerce, companies are confronted with the perplexity of e-commerce, namely how e-commerce is connected with the performance. Most of the existing research directly connects e-commerce with the performance but fails to conduct in-depth discussions. We introduce collaborative innovation capability as the mediating variable for the analysis of the relationship between them and analyze shipping companies in China. The findings indicate that the application of e-commerce with the buyer of goods have a positive impact on the performance of shipping companies, but its application with the sellers of goods generates an insignificant impact. Moreover, collaborative innovation capability is an important mediating variable between e-commerce with the buyers of goods and the performance of shipping companies.

Huang, Q.; Cui, Y.; Liu, X., and Liang, X., 2019. Analysis of administrative management and operation cost in China's maritime shipping market. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 398–405. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Seaborne trade is the most significant transportation mode in the International Trade Market. Transportation efficiency on the International Water is mainly influenced by the ship's performance and weather situation, while the efficiency of cargo transshipment and domestic transportation is significantly affected by the policies, regulations and management efficiency of the local government, which highly affects the change of the operating cost of enterprises. It is necessary for the government to optimize the Business Environment of Maritime Shipping Market (MSM) to improve Administrative efficiency and reduce the enterprises' operating cost. This study focuses on the status of China's government administrative management and the effect of the government's function to enterprises cost in maritime shipping market to provide the reference to optimize the Business Environment of MSM in China.

Wang, J., 2019. Ship dispatching system of bulk cargo port based on multi-objective genetic algorithm. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 406–410. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Existing researchers in the field of ship scheduling have focused their research on the optimization of a single target for port ship scheduling. This method may be applicable to container ports with a uniform loading and unloading process, but for a wide variety of cargo types and complex loading and unloading processes. For bulk cargo ports, the single-target model is not fully applicable. This paper will start with analyzing the business characteristics of ship scheduling in bulk cargo ports, and optimize the target, the analysis and quantification of the influencing factors and the model creation according to the actual business characteristics. Combine the advantages of multi-objective optimization and genetic algorithm to solve the model and make up for the present. The ship dispatching optimization method cannot meet the shortage of the complex status of the bulk cargo port, promote and deepen the intersection and penetration of the ship scheduling method and the optimization theory, and play a guiding role in the actual ship dispatching work of the port.

Teng, L.; Zhang, Z. and Zhang, B., 2019. Slot sharing in ocean liner shipping cooperation with overbooking and loyal customers. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 411–415. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ocean liner shipping companies operating the same shipping route to compete for market shares through price competition. Shipping company with higher price may have residual freight slots while lower price company has sold out all the slots. Different shipping lines tend to implement slot sharing agreement to balance the excessive slot with extra demand. Freight slot overbooking and brand loyalty factors are taken into consideration. Model without freight slot sharing is set as benchmark case, then capacity sharing with different transfer price strategies are modeled and analyzed. Revenue earned by freight slot sharing under two different strategies with different rage of various influence factors, concluding whether to implement capacity sharing and how to decide transfer price strategy in concrete conditions.

Ding, S., 2019. The game theoretical model for the “go global” strategy of Chinese ship building industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 416–421. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper studied the “go global” strategy of ship building industry in China. This paper proposed two game models to analyze the situation faced by the ship building industry in China. The paper first considered the “country selection” problem (CS problem) to shed light on the situation when trying to find a right partner to fulfill the “go global” strategy. The results showed the conditions that guarantee the go global cooperation becomes a dominant strategy Nash Equilibrium. Then, the paper considered the “product or technology” problem (POT problem) to discuss the “go global” mode, i.e. what should be exported to the other country. The results showed that even technology export may generate more payoffs to China, the more likely cooperation mode will be the product export. Based on the results of the paper, some practical suggestions have been made to the “go global” strategy. As far as we know, this paper is the first paper which studies the “go global” strategy of Chinese ship building industry by game theory.

Li, Y.; Ge, X.; Hang, Y., and Liu, X., 2019. Measuring seaport enterprise production overcapacity: A Cobb-Douglas product function based study. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 422–428. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper collects eight years of data from 2007 to 2014 from seven major types of registered seaport enterprise s in Shandong Province in China, by using the production function method to calculate seaport enterprise s' capacity utilization performance, and further analyze and compare difference between different types of seaport enterprise s. In terms of capacity utilization distribution, the current overcapacity phenomenon is more concentrated in large and medium-sized state-owned seaport enterprise s. In the new round of de-capacity progress, state-owned seaport enterprise s will face greater pressure. In the 13th Five Year Plan period, actively and properly handle this overcapacity issue existing in seaport enterprise swill be significant for economy to maintain a medium and high growth speed.

Zhou, B. and Liu, X., 2019. Credit mechanism under asymmetric information conditions in port property market trading. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 429–431. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The global asset market for ports and terminals is increasingly active, focusing on the acquisition and transfer of assets between large international shipping companies and port terminal operators. However, in the asymmetric information market, in order to maximize their own interests, the party with the information advantage will conceal the real information and make decisions that are beneficial to them, thus affecting the efficiency of the entire supply chain. Simultaneously, under asymmetric information, effective incentives can provide positive incentives to those who have the advantage of information, and can effectively identify different types of customer companies. Due to factors such as the uncertainty of production, operation and the needs, port property companies often consider when to trade or how much to trade, which will create uncertainty for property right transactions. This paper develops the trading credit mechanism in the real estate transaction to improve the efficiency of the property rights trading system.

Zhang, L; Dong, B., and Zhou, H., 2019. Evaluating the efficiency of emergency material allocation in marine transit network. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 432–436. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The allocation of emergency material is an important support and guarantee for the emergency management of Marine transit. When accident happens in the marine transit system operated through network, the spread effect is more obviously, which requires quick and effective response. Therefore, the scientific and reasonable allocation of emergency material is crucial. Based on the analysis of the current allocation of emergency material, this paper determines the evaluation index of allocating emergency material, establishes an evaluation model by using the DEA method, and applies it in the practical case with good results.

Gao, H.; Cao, G., and Xing, D., 2019. Evolutionary dynamics of the port hazardous chemical logistics enterprises' security behavior under dynamic punishment. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 437–442. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to investigate the influence on the port hazardous chemical logistics enterprises supervision, this paper analyzes the costs and benefits of different strategies of the port hazardous chemical logistics enterprises and the government, and establishes an evolutionary game model between the port hazardous chemical logistics enterprises and the government on the basis of evolutionary game theory. Then the dynamic adjustment mechanism was put forward on the basis of static punishment and it was proved that the mechanism could effectively control the fluctuation in the evolutionary process. The results show that: the dynamic punishment coefficient optimization measures is effective, to increase the proportion of the port hazardous chemical logistics enterprises that adopt a paying attention to safety investment strategy, appropriate subsidies and supervision cost optimization are effective promotion manners. For groups of the smaller port hazardous chemical logistics enterprises, the government should pay more attention to their safety investment behavior.

Chen, D.; Zhang, H., and Wang, S., 2019. Fiscal investment and port terminal infrastructure construction model: a regression-based analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H. and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 443–446. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Port terminal supported by the finance mainly focuses on the contribution of fiscal expenditure to port terminal infrastructure construction and economic development in a longer period. This paper introduces control variables that affect the quality of port terminal infrastructure, carry out quantitative analysis of fiscal expenditure to port terminal infrastructure and economic development, studying the mode and intensity of the fiscal expenditure to port terminal infrastructure construction. Furthermore, the paper uses panel data to investigate the long-term contributions of the fiscal support to port terminal infrastructure and economic development. The results can provide the guide for fiscal investment in the port terminal infrastructure construction.

Chen, W. and Cui, Y., 2019. Motivation and acquisition premium: Evidence from Chinese shipping industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 447–454. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper studies influencing factors of acquisition premium for shipping industry in China with aspects of inner drive, inducement and success probability. It is based on acquisition theories and achievement theories, departing from earlier studies. Under the guidance of M&A Motivation, 379 acquisitions from 2010 to 2016 are empirically verified. The results indicate that the majority of higher premium in shipping industry in China are paid for promoting better enterprises development, and it is not highly correlated with agency motivation. The relationship between M&A motivation and acquisition premium revealed by the paper could contribute to a reasonable price bargain for the acquirer; meanwhile, the innovative consideration of inducement extends the set of influencing factors for acquisition premium.

Zhao, Y.; Liu, Q.-W.; Hu F.-H.; Lu, G., and Zhang, T., 2019. Synonym extraction in shipping industry with distant supervision and deep neural network. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 455–459. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Current synonym extraction methods, including lexical pattern based methods, distributional similarity-based methods, and search engine based methods, usually need a lot of manual work, either in rule editing or in training corpus labeling. This paper tries to find synonyms in a “self-supervised” way and presents a synonym extraction framework based on distant supervision. The model used here is LSTM and CRF. We first analyze the nature of the synonym representations of the Nautical Navigation in text; then automatically generate labeled training samples by using structured knowledge (a domain dictionary) and some generic heuristic rules. Finally, we train some “LSTM + CRF” models and use them to extract synonyms in the shipping industry corpus. More than 100 thousand facts are successfully extracted, which contain 3,629 distinct pairs of synonyms; and the precision is 0.967.

Liang, S.-Q., 2019. North-to-South transport service modes of power coal based on bi-level programming game model: A comparative study on inner Mongolia-Jiangxi railway and shipping services. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 460–464. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The coal transport mode from North to South China is investigated to find out how the ocean shipping mode and the north-to-south coal transport are susceptible to the Inner Mongolia-Jiangxi railway based on the bi-level programming game model. This paper derives the following conclusions from the case analysis of the competitive behaviors for the Erdos-Wuhan transport service modes: (1) The inauguration of Inner Mongolia-Jiangxi Railway has obvious traffic transfer effect on the traditional sea-railway combined transport mode, and will lead the freight rate to further reducing; (2) the higher the value of time (VOT) in coal transport service, the more apparent the competition effect of Inner Mongolia-Jiangxi Railway on sea-railway combined transport service mode; (3) the upgrading of sea-railway combined transport service level, especially its rapidity and punctuality, has regulation effect on the competition of Inner Mongolia-Jiangxi Railway. In the end, this paper gives some policy advice on how to improve the transport efficiency of coal from north to south China subject to freight rate, service upgrading and marketing strategies.

Wu, J., Xie; J.-M.; Li, S.; Han, W.-J., and Bi, D.-S., 2019. Reliability analysis and experimental verification on THP11D-20000 isothermal forging hydraulic press for shipping. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 465–469. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As an important equipment for shipping manufacturing, isothermal forging hydraulic press plays a significant role in heavy forging production in the field of military defense and aerospace. In the process of design and utilize the isothermal forging hydraulic press, the reliability of the equipment should be guaranteed for a stable operation. On the other hand, the efficiency of design and experiment should be improved to cut the cost. Taking THP11D-20000 made by Tianjin Tian Duan Press Co., LTD as an example, this paper conducts a reliability analysis of its structure on the basis of workbench, which demonstrates that the major components of this equipment have met the reliability requirements. Difference between the result of finite element analysis and that of experiments is less than 5%, which provides effective methods and reliable basis for adopting the method of finite element analysis to explore the reliability of heavy equipment.

Lin, P., 2019. Design and implementation of financial accounting information management system of shipping companies based on ERP. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 470–474. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the coming of information age, the traditional financial accounting information management of shipping companies cannot meet the needs of their development and competition. Based on the detailed analysis of the requirements of financial accounting and management accounting of shipping companies, this paper proposes the financial accounting information management system of a shipping company based on ERP, and design its business flow in detail. Finally, the design system is tested and the test result is basically consistent with the design expectation, providing a kind of more efficient integrated information management system which can be referred to for the financial management system of shipping industry. The research result has the positive reference significance to shipping management companies.

Peng, S.-B.; Liu, Y.; Xu, L.; Zhu, Q.-Y., and Amizi M., 2019. Optimal operation of subsea and onshore oil transmission pipeline. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 475–479. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Pipeline is one of the most important means of oil and gas transportation, more and more subsea pipelines have been built these years. As the subsea and onshore crude oil transmission pipelines were laid many years ago, the oil pump combination schemes are complicated, which leads to high energy consumption and excessive cost in the pipeline operation. Concerning this problem, based on parameters of the pipeline and crude oil, an economical operation mathematical model for continuous transportation crude oil pipelines is set up, which taking the minimum energy consumption as the objective function, the pump combination scheme and inlet temperature of heating station as the decision variables. According to the characteristics of the model, Tabu search algorithm is used to solve the mathematical model, and an optimization software is developed by C program. Based on actual operating data, the operation scheme of a crude oil pipeline is optimized by the software. Comparison of energy consumption after optimization against those from results before optimization is illustrated. From the optimal results, it can be seen that the total operation cost after optimization is only 81.5% as before in winter, the effect is significant. Although the structure of subsea pipelines is different from onshore pipelines, the hydraulic and thermodynamic calculation methods are the same, and the optimal operation method can be used for both onshore and subsea pipelines.

Qiu, Z.-Y. and Li, D.-L., 2019. Application of photovoltaic power technology in ocean shipping power system. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 480–484. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The excessive exploitation of marine resources has spurred on the shipbuilding industry and the energy consumption. It is unfortunate, however, that the global fossil energy gets depleted at a fast rate. Today, renewable resources such as solar energy, as a hot area, have aroused more and more concern of people. Photovoltaic power technology plays an important part in the national long-range energy strategy, and has now become a powerful substitute for fossil energy. As a core object of study, the ocean-going shipping industry in parallel with the photovoltaic power system is investigated herein to further explore how the ships operate with it. A simulation model is also built for the generator. The findings show that, as the irradiance intensity increases, the maximum output power also multiplies, so does the short-circuit current available for the photovoltaic power system. The sudden loading/unloading, single-phase or three-phase faults of ocean-going vessels in parallel with the photovoltaic power system will worsen the transient power quality. This paper sheds new light on the application prospect of photovoltaic power technology in ocean vessels.

Han, H.-M. and Guo, J.-L., 2019. Design and implementation of marine vessel photovoltaic power generation system based on automatic power matching technology. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 485–489. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The development of marine resources and marine logistics has driven the rapid development of the shipbuilding industry. Marine vessels would consume huge amount of fossil energies and cause pollution to the marine environment easily. The research on solar photovoltaic power generation technology has already achieved positive progress, however, there are few researches on its application in marine vessel systems. Automatic power matching technology can achieve impedance matching for variable-frequency matching circuits, based on this technology, this paper optimized and designed a set of photovoltaic power generation system suitable for marine vessels, and adopted the Simulink software to simulate it. The research results showed that the proposed system is technically and economically feasible. The hardware design process focused on the grid connection of the marine vessel power grid system and the photovoltaic power generation system. The simulation results showed that the power of the marine vessel network system must be the same as the load power so as to maintain the stability of the voltage, power, grid frequency and voltage regulator modulation index. The research in this paper provided a theoretical basis for applying automatic power matching technology in the design of marine vessel photovoltaic power generation system.

Li, D.-L., 2019. Development of intelligent marine traffic service application software for Haikou Bay. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 490–494. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Intelligent maritime traffic management platform can greatly improve the service efficiency and the shipping security of maritime transport industries. In fact, it is more significant for the development of maritime traffic industry. This paper devises an intelligent and integrated VTS information platform for marine transport service in Haikou Bay based on the traditional VTS system, builds a GIS-T-based VTS architecture, and proposes an intelligent VTS ship traffic prediction algorithm based on the grey system theory adaptive GM (1,1) model. The findings show that, in relation to the traditional VTS, the GIS-T-based VTS architecture has a better effect in spatial data management and analysis, and the algorithm based on GM (1,1) model renders a higher prediction precision, thereby effectively improving the marine transport intelligence level in Haikou Bay. This study has borne another one theoretical and practical fruit for the intelligent marine transport services and has a certain application value.

Ji, R., and Shan, Z.-M., 2019. Research on the efficiency of ocean shipping enterprises based on DEA. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 495–499. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper uses the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method to evaluate the total factor productivity of China's listed ocean shipping enterprises in 2016-2018. The results show that in recent years, the total factor productivity of these enterprises is in a good level in the transportation industry; the main reasons for the inefficiency of the ocean shipping enterprises are low technical inefficiency and management efficiency, and the technical and management level should be enhanced. In addition, China's ocean shipping enterprises should further control their investment and strengthen cost management. Finally, this paper proposes the reform direction of state-owned enterprises such as increasing R&D investment, improving corporate governance, reforming the assessment system, and performing market-oriented reforms.

Yang, X.; Ni, L.-K.; Tong, F.-M., and Zhang, H.-Y., 2019. Optimal management and allocation of superior resources in port industries. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 500–504. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

As marine trade and the shipments expand day by day, the port scale also increasingly enlarges; the resource staffing of port industries obviously increases; as valuable resources, the security management facilities equipped by port industries and authorities are wasteful and low in the customs clearance efficiency. Taking port industries and authorities as study cases, this paper describes the allocation and utilization of management resources of port industries, and proposes reasonable measures for optimization collocation of resources in order to reduce operating costs. The findings show that there is a big gap in the resource allocation structure and the customs clearance time between China and those developed countries. There are also different nature and allocation bodies of resources of the two. Driven by the conventions, policies, orders and markets, it is possible to achieve optimal allocation of resources, and reduce the consumption of human and financial resources. This paper provides a theoretical basis for optimizing security inspection and management of resources of port industries.

Cao, J.-F., 2019. Research on profit model of port logistics park based on price game model and countermeasures. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 505–509. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The economic profit of most port logistics parks is mainly from the lease of the site, and the parks are featured with the huge investment in the construction, difficulty in recovering investment funds, single profit model and others. Based on this, this paper constructs a game model to analyze the port logistics park jointly invested by the government and an enterprise, adopts the genetic algorithm to analyze the layout rules and the optimal distribution of each component module in the park, constructs the choice behavior of the development mode among the investment subjects of the port logistics park, seek the best investment strategy in the game and give the solutions to the related problems.

Hu, C.-Q.; Huang, Y.-M., and You, Z.-S., 2019. Ship cable fault info acquisition model based on auto recognition. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 510–514. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the complex marine environment, the ship cable is prone to hitting many faults due to interlacing routing and harsh working conditions. It is required to troubleshoot the ship cables. Taking the ship ground cable fault as an example, this paper performs a simulation with the Hilbert-Huang Transform (HHT) that automatically identifies the cable faults, and builds a model to automatically acquire the information about cable faults. According the findings, it is found by analyzing two types of ship cables that the information about the faults occurred in the trunk or branch can be available from the peak positions. The simulation reveals that the current signal can well reflect the fault information about cables, based on which, the fault location of ship cables will be calculated. The study provides the clues to automatically identifying the ship cable faults with the information and modeling the information acquisition of cable faults.

Jia, F. and Chen, M., 2019. Design of a nonlinear heading control system for ocean going ships based on backstepping technique. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 515–519. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to solve the nonlinear uncertain system of ship heading control and deal with the influence of interference factors such as external environment and ship speed on ship heading control, this paper proposes a ship controller design method combining the backstepping technique and the adaptive control theory considering the robustness, at first, it describes the mathematical model for ship motion and proposes a nonlinear ship heading control system mathematical model considering the influence of external interference factors; Then, on this basis, the paper designs a ship heading adaptive nonlinear controller with robustness function and achieves the adaptive tracking of ship heading. Simulation results show that the heading control system with adaptive robustness can eliminate influence of certain interferences. The research results indicate that the study of this paper is of great significance for further promoting the development of ship heading nonlinear control theory.

Yang, J. and Ma, X.-Y., 2019. Ship power generation system model based on distributed solar photovoltaic power generation. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 520–524. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the marine environment, marine pollution caused by ship transportation is becoming more serious. The introduction of distributed solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation system in ship power system is an important method to effectively solve marine pollution. Taking the large-scale ocean-going vessels as research objects, this paper studies the application of distributed solar PV power generation in ship power generation system and establishes corresponding models. The results show that solar light intensity and temperature have a non-negligible influence on distributed solar PV power generation system, distributed solar PV arrays have the maximum values, and the maximum power point can be obtained by changing the dynamic load characteristics of the ship. Besides, based on the ship grid-connected system technology, it carries out the studies on the grid-connected and off-grid dual-mode system of ship power generation system and distributed solar PV power generation system, and performs analysis and modelling of the distributed solar PV power generation system. The research in this paper provides operational experience and conditions for the application of distributed solar PV power generation on large ships.

Chen, L.; Li, X., and Xu, C.-X., 2019. The application of solar photovoltaic power generation system in ships. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 525–529. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Nowadays, we are in the era of information technology explosion. Science and technology are various and changing with each passing day. All of these are responding positively to the continuously deepening innovative ideas throughout the country. It has become one of the most concerned green technologies on ships to use solar energy and other new energy power generation technology and electric propulsion technology to form integrated electric propulsion technology. Aiming at the application of solar photovoltaic system in ships, based on the introduction of the principle and mode of use of solar photovoltaic system, the application characteristics of solar photovoltaic system and its components in ships are analyzed, and the important characteristics of ship power grid based on solar photovoltaic system are discussed and summarized, which provides a basis for future system design and application. The results showed that the pollutants CO, NOX and HC showed a downward trend. With the further development of solar photovoltaic technology, the utilization of solar energy will be one of the key measures to realize green navigation for ships in the future.

Li, D.-B., 2019. Application of 3d virtual ocean image simulation in ship vision. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 530–534. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The marine battlefield situation is an important part of the marine geographical environment information. The three-dimensional visualization of the battlefield situation can give the intelligence officers and commanders a more realistic feeling, which makes them work more smoothly. It is an urgent task for the development of military electronic information systems. The simulation research on the virtual visual image system of the naval ship combat is an important means to analyze the situation of the ocean battlefield. In this paper, a three-dimensional virtual ocean simulation technology based on the mesh topology decomposition of ocean topology is proposed and applied in the ship vision system, this simulation technology makes the 3D virtual ocean have better real-time visual simulation rendering effect, and the viewpoint conversion and viewpoint control are smooth, which improves the authenticity of the ship visual simulation in the three-dimensional marine environment.

Li, X., and Guo, J.-J., 2019. Research on ship data big data parallel scheduling algorithm based on cloud computing. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 535–539. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The traditional big data parallel scheduling algorithm has a small number of ships and the scheduling accuracy is very poor. In order to solve this problem, a new ship big data parallel scheduling algorithm based on cloud computing is studied, and the computing framework of the algorithm is constructed. The computing framework includes infrastructure services, software services and platform services. The scheduling process is discussed. The horizontal and vertical coordinates of each ship in the dimensional network are scheduled. A set of energy-aware dual-adaptation dynamic genetic scheduling strategy is constructed. The scheduling strategy is based on the traditional genetic algorithm, and sets the dual optimization targets with weights, which are the execution time of the task and the energy consumption of the infrastructure. By adjusting the optimization weight, the optimization center of gravity can be controlled. The scheduling strategy also fully considers the dynamics of the cloud computing environment and the traditional algorithm. The experimental results show that the cloud computing-based ship big data parallel scheduling algorithm can simultaneously schedule multiple ships, and the scheduling accuracy is very high. The algorithm has broad market development space and is worthy of promotion.

Zhao, Y.-Z.; Chen, N.; Zhou, J.-M., and Kuang, H.-B., 2019. Mathematical formulations and solution algorithm for reliable hub-and-spoke network design for container shipping. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 540–546. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In container shipping, the carrier may suffer substantial economic losses arising from hub failures and reactive disruption management. To solve the problem, this paper proposes a new mathematical model for the reliable hub-and-spoke network (H-SN) design, which allows multiple calls on hub-level routes and involves multiple allocation modes under multiple hub failures. The integrated model considers hub location, backup ports configuration and vessel rerouting at the same time. Next, a genetic algorithm (GA)-based method was designed to find the optimal solutions to the 0-1 nonlinear programming model in an efficient manner. After that, several computational experiments were conducted using real data. The results show that the proposed formulations and algorithm were feasible, and the integrated model could save operating cost and enhance service quality. The research findings shed new light on the network design for container shipping in maritime transport.

Li, Y.-R., 2019. Cruise ship dock landscape design based on figure-ground relation. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 547–551. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The main object of the thesis is the landscape of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The practice research on the landscape of the riverside city in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is made, and the situation of the landscape of the city wharf facing the river is statistically summarized. The design characteristics and causes of the use of the dock landscape space are discussed. The construction status of the dock landscape space is specifically investigated, and the utilization method of the dock landscape space is summarized. This paper analyses the design content and spatial function of the landscape space of the cruise ship terminal, and finally summarizes the design strategy of the landscape space utilization of the cruise ship terminal. Based on the research and analysis of the practical case of the cruise ship dock landscape space, the method of designing and utilizing the landscape space of the cruise terminal is summarized, which has certain theoretical guiding significance for the corresponding dock landscape case design.

Zheng, Z.-H., and Zhou, X.-H., 2019. Design and simulation of ship energy efficiency management system based on data analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 552–556. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Using the systematic method of modern ship energy efficiency management, strict control and management of ship energy consumption, energy utilization and carbon dioxide emissions will be of great significance for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction of ships and promoting the green development of shipping. On the basis of summarizing the previous research results, this paper designs a ship energy efficiency management model based on data analysis through a large number of current industry data collection, manufacturing and operation data collection, collation and analysis. The model system can monitor and collect various dynamic and static parameters in real time, and calculate the ship energy efficiency design index (EEDI) and the ship energy efficiency operation index (EEOI). Combined with the ship's own and its energy consumption information, such as range, cargo capacity, speed, host power, the system can dynamically analyze the entire production and operation process of the ship. The final simulation experiment shows the feasibility and effectiveness of this model.

Chen, Q.-M. and Li, X.-Y., 2019. The impact of occupational adaptability on career success in shipping enterprises based on trust. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 557–562. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Based on the perspective of career construction, the paper aims to explore the role of trust as a mediating variable in the process of occupational adaptability (OA) affecting individual career success. To this end, a survey was conducted on 352 senior crew members, and the questionnaire data were analysed. The research results show that the OA has a significant positive impact on career success; trust plays some mediating role between the OA and career success.

Liu, Q.-H., 2019. Research on the effectiveness of human resource management incentive policy for shipping enterprises based on EEG analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 563–567. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the advancement of humanistic management thoughts, shipping enterprise managers have recognized the importance of incentive policies in human resource management (HRM). This paper aims to study the effectiveness of HRM incentives in shipping enterprises. To this end, literature analysis, neuroscience experimental methods, and data analytical methods were used to analyse the relationship between active individuals and guided management in HRM of shipping enterprises. Then, based on the incentive related concepts, cognitive neural and related theories, the active individual incentive effect experiments based on EEG analysis were designed, to explores the incentive principle and process on the individual. The extraction and analysis of the brain wave experimental data reveals the different effects of different incentive frequency and timing on the active individual. Finally, the incentive method suitable for active individual in HRM of shipping enterprises was proposed. The research findings shall provide relevant theoretical basis for the shipping enterprise to formulate more effective HRM incentive measures, which have certain practical value.

Bao, X.-X.; Xing, X.-C., and Zhang, D., 2019. Research on freight pricing mechanism of shipping companies considering supply chain management. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 568–572. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Fast, low-cost and high-efficiency are the core competitiveness of shipping companies in international marine transportation. To better guide shipping companies to optimize freight pricing under the dynamic environment of supply chain, this paper carries out freight pricing research based on supply chain management. It takes the container liners of shipping companies as the research object. From the perspective of supply chain analysis and based on factors affecting the pricing of shipping companies, it completes the mathematical simulation of the freight pricing mechanism of shipping companies; from the aspects of customer group and order time in supply chain management, this paper establishes the discriminatory pricing and multi-stage dynamic pricing models for market segments respectively, and verifies the validity of the models by examples. The model solution results show that discriminatory pricing and multi-stage dynamic pricing can assist shipping companies to optimize freight pricing and maximize the company's revenue. The research is of guiding significance for guiding shipping companies to cope with the contradiction between supply and demand in the market and to improve their competitiveness in the international container liner shipping market.

Jia, D., 2019. Coupling and coordination of marine high-end human resources and marine innovative economic development ability.In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 573–576. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Combined with the information space theory, a kind of method for the Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management system in the Coupling coordination of the Marine Innovative Economy is put forward in this paper. The information space theory can be used to describe the relationship between the Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management system and the information space theory. Information space theory is used to represent the interdependence relationship between the Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management systems in the Coupling coordination of the Marine Innovative Economy. The relationship between the Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management system and the Coupling coordination of the Marine Innovative Economy can be determined through the information space theory, which has minimized the engineering quantity of the Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management system in the Coupling coordination of the Marine Innovative Economy. The optimal Coupling coordination method for the Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management system in the Coupling coordination of the Marine Innovative Economy is determined by the information space theory. The Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management system in the Coupling coordination of the Marine Innovative Economy is compared with the other Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management systems, and the Coupling coordination method for the optimal Marine high-end marine high-end human resources management system can be obtained accordingly.

Li, W.-Y., 2019. Interaction mode of marine economic management talents cultivation and marine industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 577–580. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In recent years, due to the rise of emerging marine industries and the state's support for marine technology, many universities in China have added specialties related to marine technology, focusing on cultivating marine technology talents. In contrast, the state does not pay enough attention to the training of marine economic management talents, making such marine talents scarce and the structure of marine talents unbalanced.This paper analyzes the current situation and reasons of the imbalance between supply and demand of marine economic management talents in China, and puts forward specific countermeasures and suggestions on how to develop the marine economy and give play to the subjective initiative of marine technology and marine economic management talents.

Yang, L., and Hou, G.-S., 2019. Study on the Strategic Innovation and Industrial Development Effect of Marine Industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 581–584. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The marine breeding and healthy aquaculture industry in Shandong Peninsula should seek breakthroughs in three aspects: the transformation of production mode, the combination of production, education and research technological innovation. The marine high-end equipment manufacturing industry should focus on the industrial chain restructuring and industrial clusters. With the innovation of industrial organization mode as the main body, we seek to improve the ability of independent innovation through various forms of technological innovation activities.The development of the marine bio-pharmaceutical industry should do a good job in integrating and upgrading the biotechnology industrial park and creating an industrial technology innovation alliance.

He, H.; Hong, Y.-Y.; Lin, S.-Y., and Liu, W.-W., 2019. Marine financial development and China's marine economic strategy. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 585–588. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The basic characteristics of modern marine finance are the coexistence of policy finance and commercial finance, openness and exclusiveness, and the combination of industry and finance and financial agglomeration complement each other. Modern marine financial instruments include bank loans and credit guarantees, marine funds, corporate bonds and asset acclimatization, financial leasing and marine insurance. At present, China is facing great opportunities to develop marine finance. It is suggested that the Chinese government should support the establishment of marine financial element aggregation zones and promote the rapid rise of China's marine financial industry in the mode of “three funds, one bank and one think tank”.

Wang,L.-L.and Zhang,H.-Q., 2019.The impact of the marine tourism resources development on the sustainable development of marine economy.In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 589–592. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In order to make marine tourism have the ability of sustainable development,it must have sufficient power to support. At present, the development of marine tourism seems to lack such a strong driving force. The explosive growth of yacht industry in recent years will also show stagflation in the near future. The lack of marine tourism industry to promote development is vulnerable to various factors. In the development of marine tourism resources, if the products are lack of innovation and optimization, it will be impossible to create marine tourism products to meet the needs of tourism consumers. Even if more tourism resources are developed, they will leave along with consumers' gradually losing freshness.

Zhang, F.-F. and Ji, M., 2019. Adjustment path of marine economic industrial structure in China's coastal provinces under the ‘belt and road’ initiative. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 593–596. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The implementation of the “Belt and Road” strategy is an important strategic support for building a new regional opening pattern. It has important strategic significance for cultivating new industries along the line and developing new space for the development of the marine economy. All relevant coastal cities should actively use the development strategy of this country in the new era and actively promote the upgrading and transformation of the marine economic structure. This paper firstly introduces the opportunities brought by the “One Belt and One Road” to the marine industry of China's coastal provinces, and analyzes the main problems existing in the development of marine economic industry in China's coastal provinces. Then, the North Bay is taken as an example to propose the marine industry selection and system construction. Finally, it expounds the path of the adjustment of the marine economic industrial structure of China's coastal provinces under the “Belt and Road Initiative"initiative. It is expected to promote the cooperation and exchange of higher-level marine economy among the countries and regions along the coastal cities of China and the Maritime Silk Road, and promote the development of marine economy in China's coastal cities.

Liu, J.; Liu, C.-L.; Zhang, L.-P., and Xu, Y., 2019.Evaluating marine economic bearing capacity: a network analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 597–600. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Because of the approximate characteristics of network analysis method, it has been used by many researchers to solve the evaluation of marine economic carrying capacity. In this paper, a method of evaluating and contributing factors of marine economic carrying capacity based on network analysis method is proposed. Based on the evaluation and contribution factors of marine economic carrying capacity, the evaluation and contribution factors of marine economic carrying capacity (MEBC), evaluation of bearing capacity (EBC) and control factors of marine economy (CFME) are established. The experimental results show that this method has wide applicability, and it is also a useful exploration for the evaluation of marine economic carrying capacity in the new period.

Zhang, F.-Y., and He, Q., 2019.Formation and evolution of innovation chain in marine petrochemical industry based on multidimensional bayesian algorithms. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 601–604. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Due to the lack of unified planning for Offshore Petrochemical Industry, the space layout is not reasonable.Based on single Offshore Petrochemical Industrial zone, this paper studies several industrial zones.In this paper, intelligent offshore industrial cluster is used to update the innovation chain of petrochemical industry in real time. At the same time, this paper reasonably restricts the formation and evolution of innovation chain that actually participates in planning, and determines the planning plan through real-time statistics.

Wei, Y., 2019. Coupling and coordinated development of marine high-end human resources and marine innovation economic development capability. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 605–608. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The coupling degree model and the coupling coordination degree model are used to measure the degree of coupling and coordination between the two, and the coefficient of variation method is used to analyze regional differences. Through the investigation, the author found that the coupling degree between Hebei Province and Liaoning Province is low, the fluctuation is large, and the regional difference is obvious. The coefficient of variation of the degree of coupling between regions is calculated, the coefficient of variation is gradually reduced, and the difference between regions is significantly reduced. The carrying capacity of marine resources and environment is positively correlated with the potential of marine economic development. The entropy method is used to measure the environmental carrying capacity of marine resources and the potential for economic development in the Bohai Sea. The results show that the coupling degree between marine economic development potential and marine resource environmental carrying capacity in the Bohai Rim region is generally higher than 0.8 and less than 0.8. This space shows the stable coupling and coordination of the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree between Tianjin and Shandong Province.

Tian, M.-W.; Yan, S.-R.; Tian, X.-X.; Zeng, X.-M., and Xie, C., 2019. Financial support to marine economy in the big data era. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R.(eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 609–612. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the big data era, increasing financial support for the marine economy and vigorously developing blue finance have a strong sense of urgency and historical mission, which need a larger macro vision and a more forward-looking strategic layout. Blue finance is related to China's economic and financial security. We must seize the development opportunities of blue finance in the new era and set up a systematic financial thinking of big countries. Only adopting the strategic thinking of innovation and development, can we support the marine economy in the big data era.

Yao, J.-H., 2019. The development trend of marine economy based on multi-objective decision analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 613–616. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

There are two related characteristics of technological progress. It is very important to propose a multi-contribution model for offshore oil and gas operations. First, technology can be improved in the long run. Second, every time a new technology emerges to meet the needs of the operation. Lanford pointed out three characteristics of technological progress. First, the S-shaped Curve is suitable for deep water development because many practices over the years have proven this. Second, the modified logistics curve can be used to simulate the entire technological advancement, including major technological breakthroughs in deep water development for more than a decade. Finally, one technology replaces the other and also conforms to the characteristics of the S-curve. The initial replacement rate is very low, and then the new technology is received in large quantities. This substitution behavior is gradually reduced at the maturity stage.

Pang, H., and Dong, S.-H., 2019.Inventory collaboration in coastal cluster supply chain. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 617–620. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Port cluster is the general trend of international port cluster development. Port cluster management can promote the specialization of enterprises in the cluster, realize the sharing of resources within the cluster, and improve the brand effect of enterprises in the cluster. The ultimate goal is to improve the core competitiveness of enterprises in the cluster. In this paper, a mathematical model is established for the collaborative inventory management among enterprises in port cluster with limited collaborative supply capacity, and the inventory synergy strategy is studied. According to the cooperative ordering strategy and the cooperative supply strategy, a bidirectional inventory Synergy model under limited cooperative supply capacity is established, and the improved multi-objective genetic algorithm combined with Nash equilibrium is used to solve this problem. Through the strategy of inventory coordination across the chain, the enterprise can reduce the inventory cost effectively, reduce the shortage cost and improve the profits of both sides. In this paper, the limitation of supply capacity is increased, which makes the situation of inventory synergy more diversified and closer to reality, and provides a research way and reference for inventory cooperation in port cluster.

Wang, R., 2019. Operation Behavior of Offshore Mining Enterprises based on Evolutionary Game. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 621–628. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The ocean plays an important role in the progress of human society and exploitation of resources. It is one of the resources that people rely on for survival. Due to the huge demand, many enterprises take part in the exploitation of marine resources. However, for the sake of huge commercial profits, some enterprises take the action of not protecting the environment, which not only brings high profits to themselves, but also seriously pollutes the marine environment. Therefore, the government should pay great attention to it. In this paper, evolutionary game model is adopted to analyze the reasons for enterprises to choose not to protect the environment through evolutionary equilibrium, and government punishment measures are incorporated into the model to discuss the important role of government regulation in marine environmental protection work, inorder to provide some theoretical basis for marine environmental governance.

Song, J. 2019. Coastal city infrastructure investment forecast based on gray system theory. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 629–633. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

In the context of the increasing gap in infrastructure construction between developed and undeveloped areas of coastal cities, the practical of investment and financing projects, especially investment and financing of infrastructure construction in economically undeveloped areas of coastal city, are important issues to be solved urgently. Moreover, the use of forecast will be conducive to investment and financing decisions. This paper proposed a gray GM (1, 1) model based on gray system theory, and used the panel data of coastal city infrastructure investment from 2010 to 2014, to forecast the amount of investment in Guangzhou from 2015 to 2018. The forecast results show that the gray system theory has high accuracy in forecasting urban and rural infrastructure investment and can provide decision support for managers.

Zhang, Q., Liu, S., and Tu, Q., 2019. A 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic representation model for evaluation index selection of technological innovation of marine technology enterprises. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 634–639. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the depletion of terrestrial resources, the ocean has become an important resource for the development of countries around the world. As the basic means and supporting force for marine development, marine technology innovation has thus become the main field of national competition. Hence, as the inner motivation and main source of marine technology enterprise development, technological innovation plays an important role in competition. Regarding of the multiple criteria decision-making problem of technological innovation on marine technology enterprises, this paper proposes a method for evaluation index selection by combining 2-tuple fuzzy linguistic approach. Experts evaluate each indicators of the candidate index set and provide the degree of understanding to the index when evaluating the information, which can effectively distinguish the quality of information provided by various experts. Finally, the paper integrates the evaluation information by multiple experts using the aggregated operators based on 2-tuple linguistic model and formed the scientific index system for technological innovation of marine technology enterprises.

Li, Z. and Liu, Y., 2019. An improved model for marine energy price and efficiency assessment. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 640–647. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

It's generally known that ocean stores abundant energy resources for the development and growth of human beings. Nowadays, the sustainable development of marine economy calls for precisely speculation of marine energy prices and efficiency. However, the traditional methods of measuring energy price and efficiency, for instance, the EROI (energy return on investment) model unable to define system boundaries and to calculate labor and physical costs, be it tidal energy or marine biomass energy. Thus, these methods may ignore as much as 50% of input energy consumption. Energy efficiency could be calculated by the ratio of average energy input cost to the average useable energy output cost while energy price could be measured by the ratio of the monetary input to the output. The principle above could be viewed as a check for energy return on investment as well as an elimination for a redundant process analysis. The results give us a chance to innovate traditional energy efficiency model by social and environmental factors which could be depicted through monetary terms. The precise estimation of marine energy efficiency could also help us make appropriate policies to combat global warming.

Shen, Y., 2019. System dynamics model of long island marine stone forest park based on recreational opportunity spectrum. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 648–652. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Through the questionnaire survey, this paper analyzes the importance and the scores of factors in Long Island Marine Stone Forest Park based on recreation opportunity spectrum. The study divides the Long Island Marine Stone Forest Park resources into three categories: natural resources, recreation resources and resources management, and designs two-level subdivisions for each classification. Based on the data obtained from recreational opportunity spectrum, a system dynamics model is established. The previous data of tourists is simulated and the number of tourists in the future is forecasted.

Dai, W. and Zhong, Q., 2019. Spatial Organization and Location Choices of Marine Firm: A Value Chain Based Analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 653–658. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper explores the impact of external agglomerations and internal agglomerations based on geographically bounded on marine firms' location strategies. This paper considers all activities in the value chain and allows location choices to vary by research and development, manufacturing and sales, and using data from Longitudinal Business Database and corporate research, the location decision of a newly established maritime logistics company in a country from 1999 to 2009 is analyzed. Empirical analysis indicates that, one side, the utility brought by the industries location increases with the improvement of the accessibility to the port, to the raw material suppliers and to the product markets, but declines with the rise in the land price and the labor cost. On the other side, the demand of the proximity to port is driven by the desire to decline the transport cost, demonstrating in the reduction of the transport cost for raw materials and products by shipping and moving nearer to the places which have great demand for the products.

Ye, Y., Ju, S., Fan, Y. and Bian, W., 2019. The revenue-sharing model of logistics service supply chain for online seafood retailing. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 659–665. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

From the perspective of stability and sustainability of logistics service supply chain (LSSC) for online seafood retailing, constructing a three-tier online retailing LSSC consisting of an online retailer (OR), a logistics service integrator (LSI) and a functional logistics service provider (FLSP), this paper establishes a revenue-sharing model among the three participants by using game theory.

Ma, J., Zhang, R., Li, Q., and Zhu, X., 2019. Simulation of narrowing the gap for common ailment' visiting rates in coastline rural areas of China. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 666–670. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Nowadays, the polarization trend of consultation rates between big hospitals and primary medical institutions is becoming more and more serious, which indicates that big hospitals are overloaded and have occupied the function of primary medical institutions, and led to the primary medical institutions' insufficient workload, for where there are less and less outpatients to visit. In coastline areas of China, this situation is much worse for the main cause is the residents seeking higher level hospitals even the common ailments or chronic diseases. Thus, this paper proposed a model based on System Dynamics (SD) to balance the two consultation rates by adjusting reimbursement-ratio's d-value (RRD) between Big hospitals and primary medical institutions according to the hospitals' levels, and then, simulate the model with a technical tool named Anylogic to verify the hypothesis. Trial results illustrated that adjusting RRD dynamically can improve the trend of polarization between the MHs and PMIs, guiding patients to PMIs for consulting. In this way, it should be asserted that the medical resources be made good use and the productivity of BHs and PMIs could be improved to some extent.

Liu, R., Wang, Y. and Qian, Z., 2019. Hybrid SWOT-AHP analysis of strategic decisions of coastal tourism in China: A case study of Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 671–676. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Coastal tourism is an important growth point of marine economic. Shandong Peninsula Blue Economic Zone (SPBEZ) is the first approved strategic marine economic development zone in China. Its coastal tourism development not only has an important demonstration role, but also has important significance for the marine ecological civilization. This study combined SWOT analysis with the analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and with experts' professional knowledge, quantitatively calculated the intensities of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of coastal tourism in SPBEZ. From the perspective of SWOT-AHP model, drew strategic quadrilateral, calculated strategic vector, and scientifically established the strategic type and the strength of strategy implementation. The results show that the pioneering strategy of seizing opportunities should be actively implemented, and the implementation focus of OS strategy, OW strategy, ST strategy and WT strategy are further clarified.

Yang, X.-H., and Li, X.-Y., 2019. Evaluation research on optimization efficiency of human resource allocation in marine insurance industry based on Malmquist index model. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 677–681. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The human resources allocation (HRA) is directly related to the competitiveness and ability to survive and develop for enterprises. It has always been highly valued by them. For this, the paper takes the current situation of China's marine insurance industry as an example. Based on a large quantity of references, it establishes an index system of HRA optimization efficiency. Then, the DEA-based BBC model and Malmquist index (MI) model were applied to obtain the related reasons and countermeasures affecting the optimization efficiency of HRA in China's marine insurance industry. This is of great practical significant for the HRA in the marine insurance industry.

Chen X.-H., 2019. Marine transport efficiency evaluation of cross-border e-commerce logistics based on analytic hierarchy process. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 682–686. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ocean carriage has become a major tool for cross-border e-commerce logistics transport. The surge of the cross-border trades has made the shipping industry spring up. There are many factors affecting the marine logistics transport. How to determine the principal one among them and improve the marine transport efficiency has become the focus of the study. Based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), this paper establishes a complete shipping efficiency evaluation system for cross-border e-commerce logistics and applies it to the Qingdao Port of China for a solid evidence. The findings show that it is subjected to some factors including port loading and unloading and maritime ship efficiencies. The evaluation indicators chosen in this paper all well fit the bill for consistency test. From the analysis of the marine transport efficiency of cross-border e-commerce logistics in the Qingdao Port, it is known that the marine transport efficiency is increasing year by year, but not high on the whole. This paper provides the evidences for the application of AHP in the marine transport efficiency evaluation.

Lin, C.; Xu, X.-P., and Du, S.-J., 2019. Analysis and evaluation of international competitiveness of china's state-owned technology enterprises in marine industry. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 687–691. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

The development of marine industry can promote the development of related industries and create high economic value for the society, therefore, it's of great significance for the development of our country to develop the marine industry and improve the international competitiveness of the marine industry. This paper carries out studies on the analysis and evaluation of the international competitiveness of China's state-owned technology enterprises in the marine industry, and constructs an evaluation indicator system for the international competitiveness of the marine industry. In this paper, the factor analysis method is adopted to comprehensively evaluate the international competitiveness of the marine industry in China, Japan and the United States. The research results show that the overall international competitiveness of China's state-owned technology enterprises is relatively weak, ranking the fifth in the list, and the top three being Japan, the United States and the United Kingdom. China's state-owned technology enterprises should enhance their international competitiveness from three aspects: enhancing marine science and technology, optimizing the structure of the marine industry, and strengthening the management of the marine industry. This study has practical significance for improving the international competitiveness of China's state-owned technology enterprises in marine industry and promoting the development of marine industry.

Li, Z.-W., 2019. Statistical analysis of the development of the port cluster economy in Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 692–695. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper aims to explore the development strategies of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei port cluster. Based on the data of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei port cluster in 1980∼2014, a VAR model was established with such four variables as total handling capacity, import and export, GDP and the employment. Then, the economic relationship between the port cluster and the hinterland was analysed by impulse response, and the four variables were subjected to the Grainger causality test. The results show that the total handling capacity of the port cluster has a positive effect on the import and export, GDP, and employment, but the increase in GDP is not the Granger-cause of the increase in the port cluster throughput. The GDP growth only has a short-term driving effect on the port cluster throughput. The long-term growth of port throughput largely depends on international economy. What is worse, the positive effect of port throughput on hinterland economy is rather limited. The research findings and suggestions provide meaningful reference for the research on port cluster economy.

Qiao, Y.; Huang, Y.-S., and Li, J.-M., 2019. Study on the influence of stochastic parameters of HOPF bifurcation system in coastal management. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 696–700. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Shallow water bathymetric data is an important foundation for scientific research and coastal management.HOPF bifurcation, as a complex nonlinear phenomenon, has been widely studied in ocean and other scientific and technological fields.In this paper, the HOPF bifurcation of stochastic Lorenz-family systems with random parameter is addressed. In the analysis, the stochastic Lorenz-family system is firstly transformed into an equivalent deterministic system by the Chebyshev polynomial approximation, so that the HOPF bifurcation of stochastic system can be reduced into that of the equivalent deterministic system. Combined with the definition of HOPF bifurcation and some mathematical analysis tools, the critical value of HOPF bifurcation is obtained and the influence of the random parameter on HOPF bifurcation in stochastic Lorenz-family system is analyzed. Atlast these results are verified by numerical simulation.

Zheng, L.-Y., Wang, H.-H., and Lv, F., 2019. Study on the measurement and influencing factors of fishery economic efficiency in China-environmental perspective. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 701–706. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Under the new normal of China's economy, China's fishery economic efficiency should take environmental constraints into account and improve the efficiency of China's fisheries economy under environmental constraints. Firstly, based on the inter-provincial panel data from 2007 to 2016, this paper uses the factor analysis method, DEA, Malmquist index and non-expected output to measure the economic efficiency of China's fisheries under environmental constraints. Secondly, it explores environmental constraints from a linear perspective through panel regression. Under the influence factors of China's fishery economic efficiency, we use the quantile regression to study the economic efficiency of China's fisheries under different environmental constraints at different levels, and the impact of various factors on the economic efficiency of China's fisheries under environmental constraints. Finally, relevant policy recommendations are made based on empirical conclusions.

Chen, Y.-Y., 2019. Survey on influence of maritime port cluster effect on offshore reginal economy based on grey correlation model. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 707–711. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Along with further advancement of the integration of regional resources, industrial layout, and the reform on the industrial supply side, the maritime port cluster effect has played more and more distinct function in the economic development of offshore areas. Based on the grey correlation model, this paper describes the interaction between the maritime port cluster effect and the economic development in offshore areas. Here is an instance for testing the economic development level in the offshore areas. Several concrete conclusions come here: the formation of the maritime port cluster effect attributes to the combination of congenital geographical advantages and acquired conditions, it has a dynamic and multi-feedback relationship with the economic development in the offshore areas; per capita GDP and seaport cargo throughput can respond to the clustering development level at the maritime ports, that is, the higher the clustering development level, the greater the per capita GDP growth rate. In return, the offshore economy can provide a strong support for the development of maritime port clusters. The maritime port cluster effect and the economic development in the offshore areas are two-way interactive. This study traces the theory of the economic development in the offshore areas in concert with the port cluster effect profoundly and extensively.

He, P. and Fu, Q.-H., 2019. Collaborative development modes of ocean logistics companies based on fuzzy comprehensive evaluation. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 712–716. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Ocean logistics is one of the main ways of long-distance transportation, and the reform of the development mode of ocean logistics companies is of great social significance for the development of the shipping industry. In order to construct a new development mode for ocean logistics companies, this paper summarized and analyzed the ocean logistics modes. Based on the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE), it established a fuzzy evaluation matrix for the cooperative operation of ocean logistics companies, and comprehensively compared and evaluated the management of ocean logistics and its collaborative development. The research results showed that the established fuzzy comprehensive model performed fuzzy transform on the data of the collaborative development of ocean logistics companies, and thereby obtained a cooperation mode suitable for the collaborative development of ocean logistics companies. The collaborative development mode based on virtual logistics companies and the collaborative development model based on joint operations are most suitable for the development of ocean logistics companies. The theoretical and technical research of this paper provided a new collaborative development mode for ocean logistics companies, and laid a theoretical basis for the development of logistics systems to a certain extent.

Wang, J.-J. and Ma, Z.-R., 2019. Port logistics cluster effect and coordinated development of port economy based on grey relational analysis model. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 717–721. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

With the acceleration of the global economic integration process, the global manufacturing division is more refined, the logistics industry, especially the water transportation industry, has revitalized, and the development of port economy has also ushered in new opportunities. This paper summarizes the concept of logistics cluster effect and the concept and characteristics of port economy, and finds that there is a mutual promotion relationship between the two; By combining the theoretical basis of the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) model with the logistics cluster effect and the characteristics of port economy, this paper constructs a complete process and framework of the GRA model; With this model, the paper analyzes the role of logistics cluster effect in a city port in China, concludes the ranking of relevant indicators of logistics cluster effect on port economy indicators, and discovers key factors that play a major role in the development of port economy. The research results of this paper can provide certain advice and suggestions for the economic development of port cities at home and abroad.

Liu, R.; Shen, W.-Q., and Zhang, M., 2019. Analysis and application of port enterprise management mode based on profit mode analysis. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 722–726. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Nowadays, the maritime transport has entered a stable development stage, and port enterprises are trying to win the market and profit with lower prices, however, the results are not satisfactory. For port enterprises, the acquisition of profits should depend on reasonable cost management. With a domestic port enterprise as an example, this paper analyzes its current operation status, finds out problems existing in the cost management, and proposes corresponding improvement solutions. The research shows that the operating income and net profit of the target port enterprise have declined to a certain extent, and its overall profitability is not good. There are big problems in the cost management of the enterprise, such as the operating cost is unstable, the sales cost and financial cost increase slightly, and the retirees-related expenditure is relatively large; and these cost problems of the enterprise could be improved via optimizing human resources and organizational allocation, and enhancing investment management, etc.

Bai, J. and Zheng, P.-F., 2019. Catalytic function of coastal economy development on inland economy. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 727–731. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

China is striving to realize the regional integration development of coastal and inland economies. It is a key strategy for economic development at present stage in China. To scientifically lead the synergetic development of regional economy integration, this paper attempts to analyze and conclude the driving forces the coastal economy can play on the inland economy from the theoretical and practical perspectives. Based on the theories of port-Hinterland interaction and regional division of labor, it is investigated about how the economies in coastal port and inland cities in Liaoning Province are developing now. With data of GDPs and location quotient available for real cases as reference, the interactive synergy between coastal and inland community economies is measured quantitatively using the Logistic model in an attempt to conclude the push-pull powers between the two with the marginal and elastic analysis. In addition, a synergistic development strategy is also made for coastal and inland community economies. A quantitative and qualitative study is indeed significant for leading the synthetic development of regional economies.

Zhang, W.; He, S.-Y.; Jiang, L.-K.; Huang, J.-B.; Tang, C.-J., and Xu, K.-Y., 2019. Calculation and evaluation of spatial layout of circum-Bohai Sea city innovation industrial parks based on city-industry integration. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 732–737. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

This paper takes the layout of innovation industrial parks in Tianjin City, the economic center of circum-Bohai Sea region, as the research object. At first, based on relevant theoretical research, the paper proposes that the design of the layout evaluation indicators of the innovation industrial parks should follow the system optimization principle and the availability principle. Second, after a discussion on the alternative calculation methods, this paper selects the factor analysis and the entropy method as the main calculation methods, and investigates the inadequacies of these methods. Third, a corresponding evaluation and analysis indicator system is designed; 4 first-level indicators of location factor, infrastructure, innovation ability and social contribution, and 12 second-level indicators are devised to form an evaluation indicator system for layout of the innovation industrial parks in Tianjin; after calculation, objective comprehensive evaluation results are obtained and interpreted. Fourth, multi-criteria and multi-dimensional comparative analysis is carried out to analyze the development of these innovation industrial parks in Tianjin; and the conclusion is that the location advantage and the development status are the main factors affecting the layout of the innovation industrial parks in coastal areas. At last, from the perspective of national and related industries, combined with the results of evaluation and analysis, this paper proposes comprehensive spatial layout recommendations for the problems existing in the layout of innovation industrial parks in Tianjin from aspects of infrastructure, location advantage, and future development trends, etc.

Yin, Y.-N.; Xu, J.; Wen, X., and Yu, F.-J., 2019. Evaluation of regional port logistics operation based on tqs logistics equilibrium. In: Gong, D.; Zhu, H., and Liu, R. (eds.), Selected Topics in Coastal Research: Engineering, Industry, Economy, and Sustainable Development. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 94, pp. 738–742. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.

Focusing on the equilibrium and attributes of regional logistics operation, this paper probes into the formation mechanism and evaluation criteria of regional port logistics operation, and synthesizes such three dimensions as time, quantity and structure. Then, a monitoring index system was built for regional port logistics operation based on the three dimensions, and validated through an actual case of regional logistics system. This research not only deepens the understanding of logistics equilibrium theory, but also supports the decision-making in supervision departments of regional logistics operation.